1. Civil Rights Movement

2. Emancipation Proclamation By the end of 1865, the Thirteenth Amendment was ratified. “…neither slavery nor involuntary servitude…shall exist within the United States.”

3. Segregation Definition: the physical separation of categories of individuals, usually on the basis of … -gender -race -religion -class Emerged in the South after the Civil War (whites and blacks) Guaranteed equal rights for the separate groups (In theory)

4. Segregation Continued Public life in the South was divided in many areas: Schools Churches Public transportation Cemeteries Accommodations Drinking fountains Swimming pools Neighborhoods Etc.

5. Realities of Segregation Inequalities between whites and blacks Poor conditions for many blacks Discriminating laws

12. Ku Klux Klan

13. Lynching

15. Church Burnings

16. Civil Rights Movement Began with small isolated protests Emerged into large scale protests Captured attention of the entire nation

17. Rosa Parks Alabama, 1955 Refused to give up her to seat to a white passenger Was arrested Sparked the bus boycott

18. Martin Luther King Jr. Emerged as the bus boycott leader in Montgomery, Alabama Used nonviolent tactics following Mahatma Gandhi’s example Created the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)

19. Martin Luther King Jr. Protest in Birmingham, Alabama 1963 Gained national attention (police dogs, hoses, violence against non violent protesters) Prompted John F. Kennedy to support new civil rights legislation March on Washington (200,000 participants) Gave famous “I have a dream..” speech

20. Protests

24. Response to Protests

27. March on Washington

28. “I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed – we hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.”

29. Results Helped bring about the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 Outlawed segregation in public facilities and racial discrimination in employment and education

30. Protests Continued March in Selma, Alabama New voting rights legislation demanded Police attacked non violent protesters with tear gas and clubs Brought 100s of civil rights sympathizers to mobilize another march A white minister was killed by angry whites Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed Culmination of civil rights movement

31. Civil Rights Continued The modern African-American civil rights movement served as a model for other groups seeking equality: -Women -Students -Hispanics -Gays and lesbians -Elderly -Etc.

32. Little Rock

33. Freedom Riders