1. The Elephant in the Room: A Nationwide Study on Laboratory Plug Loads

2. as well as the highest density of biotech and pharmaceutical companies Ernst & Young Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education and California has the most research universities in the country laboratories are the largest consumers of energy at research universities S-Labs, CHESC

3. why are labs so energy-intensive? labs contain many pieces of energy-intensive equipment that generally operate 24/7

5. but… little is known or communicated by vendors by end-users, or by utility companies about energy consumption of laboratory equipment market size unknown

6. and architects scientists facility end-users energy managers

7. in other words designs lab space energy managers purchases equipment pays utility bills vendors

8. an existing model: Food Service Technology Center utility support FSTC market research industry stakeholder engagement & outreach training audits 3 rd party equipment testing & certification deemed rebates & customized incentive support

9. the proposed model: Center for Energy Efficient Labs utility support CEEL market research training audits 3 rd party equipment testing & certification deemed rebates & customized incentive support industry stakeholder engagement & outreach

10. Center for Energy Efficient Labs (CEEL) industry stakeholder engagement, outreach, training 3 rd party equipment testing, outreach, training consulting: audits, measure development & implementation, training, deemed measure workpapers

11. phase I: market assessment

12. the CEEL market assessment sought to: define and characterize laboratory spaces estimate the quantity and usage of common laboratory plug loads identify potential opportunities for energy efficiency in labs understand stakeholder attitudes about energy efficiency

13. methods: definitions lab: any space equipped to conduct experiments, tests, investigations, etc or to manufacture chemicals, medicines or the like academic lab: lab residing in higher-education facilities life science research lab: lab located in a biotech, pharmaceutical, or medical device company in which research is conducted hospital lab: research space and diagnostic area within a hospital or facility owned by a hospital

14. data collection laboratory square footage was gathered or calculated for: 171 academic institutions 1351 life science research organizations 532 hospitals in California

15. data collection online surveys were completed by: 1199 scientists in the US; 269 in CA 78 facility and energy managers in the US; 19 in CA in-person interviews were done with: 371 scientists in the US 14 facility managers in CA

16. data collection questions were asked about 32 pieces of laboratory equipment across 7 product categories: refrigeration fume hoods microscopes benchtop equipment large laboratory equipment hospital equipment equipment rooms

17. respondent information

22. results

23. results: square footage of lab space Market SegmentEstimated Lab Space in CA (sq ft) Academia37 million LSR68 million Hospitals8 million Non-Profits3 million Total116 million estimated lab space in the US: 1.2 billion sq ft

24. calculations total sq ft of lab space / avg sq ft per lab = total # of labs

25. results: estimated number of labs estimated number of labs in the US: 200,000

26. results: equipment estimates

32. calculations: example with freezers avg # of freezers per lab * total # of labs = total # of freezers in labs total # of freezers in labs * energy consumption of freezers = total freezer energy consumption

33. results: equipment estimates

35. results: energy estimates

37. results: energy consumption

38. enough info to address now requires further investigation

39. now we know… - there are a lot of labs - they have a lot of equipment - that equipment uses a lot of energy

40. but do scientists care?

41. results: attitudes about energy efficiency

42. results: attitudes about sustainability

43. results: attitudes about energy efficiency

46. what are the implications of these results for scientists, manufacturers, consultants, & designers? discussion

47. discussion: manufacturers there is a desire, and a need, for energy-efficient products

48. discussion: designers there is a need to design lab spaces for realistic plug loads

49. discussion: consultants plug loads cannot be ignored

50. discussion: scientists there is an opportunity for behavioral change

51. phase II and future directions

52. enough info to address now requires further investigation phase II and future directions

53. phase II: opportunities addressing refrigeration : ULT freezers

54. phase II: ULT freezers partners: CA utility companies EPA ULT freezer manufacturers

55. phase II: ULT freezers goals: 3 rd party, independent testing of ULT freezer energy consumption plug load and HVAC interactions

56. phase II: opportunities outreach & education working with manufacturers other laboratory refrigeration

57. the CEEL: future directions

59. Pacific Gas & Electric San Diego Gas & Electric Southern California Edison FNI kW Engineering special thanks

60. Thank you!

61. Questions? allison@mygreenlab.org