1. 5 th Grade Reading STAAR TEST (Student Assessment of Academic Readiness) Review Village Elementary 2011-2012

2. Figurative Language What is Figurative Language? Language used by writers to produce images in readers' minds and to express ideas in fresh, vivid, and imaginative ways What is Figurative Language? Whenever you describe something by comparing it with something else,you are using figurative language. Simile A simile uses the words “like” or “as”to compare one object or idea with another to suggest they are alike.Example: busy as a bee Metaphor The metaphor states a fact or draws a verbal picture by the use of comparison.A simile would say you are like something; a metaphor is more positive - it says you are something.Example: You are what you eat. Personification A figure of speech in which human characteristics are givento an animal or an object. Example: My teddy bear gave me a hug. Alliteration The repetition of the same initial letter, sound, or group of sounds in a series of words.Alliteration includes tongue twisters. Example: She sells seashells by the seashore. Onomatopoeia The use of a word to describe or imitate a natural sound or the soundmade by an object or an action. Example: snap crackle pop Hyperbole An exaggeration that is so dramatic that no one would believe the statement is true.Tall tales are hyperboles.Example: He was so hungry, he ate that whole cornfield for lunch, stalks and all. Idioms According to Webster's Dictionary, an idiom is defined as: peculiar to itselfeither grammatically (as no, it wasn't me) or in having a meaningthat cannot be derived from the conjoined meanings of its elements(as Monday week for "the Monday a week after next Monday") Clichés A cliché is an expression that has been used so often that it has become triteand sometimes boring. Example: Many hands make light work. What is Figurative Language? Whenever you describe something by comparing it with something else,you are using figurative language. Simile A simile uses the words “like” or “as”to compare one object or idea with another to suggest they are alike.Example: busy as a bee Metaphor The metaphor states a fact or draws a verbal picture by the use of comparison.A simile would say you are like something; a metaphor is more positive - it says you are something.Example: You are what you eat. Personification A figure of speech in which human characteristics are givento an animal or an object. Example: My teddy bear gave me a hug. Alliteration The repetition of the same initial letter, sound, or group of sounds in a series of words.Alliteration includes tongue twisters. Example: She sells seashells by the seashore. Onomatopoeia The use of a word to describe or imitate a natural sound or the soundmade by an object or an action. Example: snap crackle pop Hyperbole An exaggeration that is so dramatic that no one would believe the statement is true.Tall tales are hyperboles.Example: He was so hungry, he ate that whole cornfield for lunch, stalks and all. Idioms According to Webster's Dictionary, an idiom is defined as: peculiar to itselfeither grammatically (as no, it wasn't me) or in having a meaningthat cannot be derived from the conjoined meanings of its elements(as Monday week for "the Monday a week after next Monday") Clichés A cliché is an expression that has been used so often that it has become triteand sometimes boring. Example: Many hands make light work.

3. Simile and Metaphor Simile A simile uses the words “like” or “as” to compare one object or idea with another to suggest they are alike. Example: sleeping like a log Metaphor The metaphor states a fact or draws a verbal picture by the use of comparison. A simile would say you are like something; a metaphor is more positive - it says you are something. Example: Our lives are grapes, bitter and sweet.

4. Personification and Alliteration Personification A figure of speech in which human characteristics are given to an animal or an object. Example: Even diamonds are jealous of your beauty. Alliteration The repetition of the same initial letter, sound, or group of sounds in a series of words. Alliteration includes tongue twisters. Example:

5. Onomatopoeia and Hyperbole Onomatopoeia The use of a word to describe or imitate a natural sound or the sound made by an object or an action. Example: snap crackle pop Hyperbole An exaggeration that is so dramatic that no one would believe the statement is true. Tall tales are hyperboles. Example: On Thanksgiving, many Americans have bottomless pits.

6. Idioms and Clichés Idioms a phrase that is not “literal”. Example: He is on top of the world. Clichés A cliché is an expression that has been used so often that it has become trite and sometimes boring. Example: Many hands make light work.

7. What is a DRAMA? A drama is a script in poetry or short story intended to show life or character or to tell a story usually involving conflicts and emotions through action and dialogue and typically designed for theatrical performance.

8. More Drama or Plays Act – long period of time. Scene – taking place in one location and time, moves the story to the next element; chapter. Mood- feeling, emotional state, or mind set. Theme - A literary theme is an an idea expressed throughout a story. Several common themes portrayed in literature, teach a moral lesson. Example: “The Wizard of Oz” – friendship, no place like home, be nice to strangers, teamwork.

10. What is generalization and drawing conclusions? To draw a conclusion means to make a sensible decision after you think about all the facts and details that you read. To Generalize means to make a broad statement or rule that applies to several examples.

11. Context Clues When you find an unfamiliar word in a text, look for context clues to its meaning.

12. Rhyming Poem Contains rhyme and rhythm Often uses figurative language, similes, metaphors, and sensory language or vivid words Often uses poetic techniques such as alliteration and onomatopoeia Uses graphic elements, such as capital letters “You have brains in your head You have feet in your shoes You can steer yourself in any direction you choose. You’re on your own. And you know what you know. You are the guy who’ll decide where to go.” Dr. Seuss

13. What is expository text? Used to explain, describe, give information or inform.

14. Greek and Latin Roots The English language has its roots in several languages, including Greek, Latin, and older forms of English, German, and French. Learning to recognize common roots and affixes (prefixes and suffixes) will help you build your vocabulary. Example: audio to hear audiophile, audiometer, auditory

15. Third Person Point of View The third person point of view is a form of storytelling in which a narrator relates all action in third person, using third person pronouns such as "he" or "she." Third person point of view may be omniscient or limited.omniscient limited

16. Summary ALL the answer choices will be some sort of summary, so choose the BEST one. It will be the one that picks from the beginning, middle and end of the selection. Use a checklist out to the side of each answer choice or BME. If one is missing, it is not it.

17. Fact and Opinion Remember that you only need to focus on what’s in the passage, not what YOU really know about the subject. Opinion choices will use opinion words such as: most likely, prettier, etc…

18. Vocabulary If you come to a word you don’t know, reread the sentence again. Chances are the meaning of the word will be given in the sentence before the word, the sentence WITH the word, or the sentence after the word.

19. Author’s Purpose There are 4 purposes of the Author: To inform To influence To express To entertain

20. Author’s Organization Compare and Contrast Sequential Order/Lists Persuade/Reasons Problem/Resolution Cause/Effect Analyze Definitions/Then Explains

21. Graphic Organizers Remember to go back in the passage and find all of the things listed on the graphic organizer. Then, see what is missing and find where it is in the passage.

22. Two Paired Passage Read only one passage at a time. Read the questions for that first passage and answer. Then, read the second passage and then answer those questions. Last, read both passages again, and then answer the questions for both passages together.

23. Reading Tips Circle or Highlight the Title Number the Paragraphs Read the Selection Read the Questions Circle the Key Words in the Question Read the Selection Again Write the MAIN IDEA of each paragraph Underline the answer in the story and note where it was found Check all of your work Circle the Correct Answer and Remember to Bubble at the End

24. Other Items to Highlight Graphs Pictures Bold Faced Vocabulary Words The First Sentence of Each Paragraph The KEY Words in Each Question

25. When Do You Bubble Scantron? At the very end of your passage. Make dark neat bubbles Check your bubble sheet 3 times Might even check backwards working from the last answer the 3 rd time. Do a “finger walk”

26. Relaxation Techniques Remember to take mental breaks after each passage. Picture a favorite vacation spot Don’t give up towards the end Stretch Think POSITIVE!!

27. Other Thoughts If you don’t “see” the answer, reread the passage again. The answer is ALWAYS there! Look at ALL answer choices before you decide….even thought you KNOW the real answer.

28. Other Thoughts cont. Put the “word” in the blank to see if it makes sense….if two words fit, make sure that you think it out! The title can lead you to the main idea or summary….read it!!! Sometimes the LAST sentence is a summary of the whole passage.

29. Healthy Tips Eat a great breakfast with protein. Get a good night’s sleep. Do something relaxing the night before. Play outside and think POSITIVE. Bring 2 healthy snacks the next day and WATER!

30. You Can Do It!!!!!!! Mrs. Brooks, Mrs. Iselt, Mrs. Rogers, and Mr. Johnson want you to RELAX and have confidence in yourself BECAUSE…… WE BELIEVE IN YOU ALL!!!!!!!!!!