1. SETTING SECURITY AND DEFENSE R&T POLICY Sofia, UNWE, June 28, 2007 Nikolay Pavlov Centre for National Security and Defense Research – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

2. The EU Approach to Security R&T: Capabilities-based approach Main Areas of Research of the Security Theme, EU Framework Programme 7: 1.Security of Citizens 2.Security of Infrastructures and Utilities 3.Intelligent Surveillance and Border Security 4.Restoring Security and Safety in Case of Crisis 5.Security Systems Integration, Interconnectivity and Interoperability 6.Security and Society 7.Security Research Coordination and Structuring

3. National Civil Security R&T Programmes During the last years a number of EU countries developed National security research programmes During the last years a number of EU countries developed National security research programmes Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Austria, the Netherlands, Finland and Romania Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Austria, the Netherlands, Finland and Romania National security research programmes are based on the security theme of FP7 National security research programmes are based on the security theme of FP7

4. Defining the scope of security and defence R&T programs Defence vs broader security issues Defence vs broader security issues Capability orientation of security R&T Capability orientation of security R&T product – system – enabling technologies product – system – enabling technologies governmental R&T organisations – academia/universities – industry governmental R&T organisations – academia/universities – industry

5. Main Principles of Security R&T Policy Security R&T policy supports Security R&T policy supports –the formulation AND the implementation of the security policy Roles in Roles in –Planning process –Capability models –Product Development Define realistic ambitions Define realistic ambitions On the one hand security R&T policy reflects security policy, while on the other hand, it supports the formulation of security policy On the one hand security R&T policy reflects security policy, while on the other hand, it supports the formulation of security policy

6. Basics of Defence R&T Strategy Define scope and requirements Define scope and requirements Define realistic ambitions (at least three distinct levels) Define realistic ambitions (at least three distinct levels) Define ways to achieve the ambitions Define ways to achieve the ambitions –On your own – national level –On a bi-lateral basis –Working with NATO RTO –Working with the EU/ EDA –Other formats

7. Knowledge Infrastructure

8. The RTO and the Acquisition Cycle Applied Research Technology Development Prototyping Production Fundamental Research RTO System Development & Demonstration Production & Deployment Systems Acquisition Operations & Support Sustainment Pre - Systems Acquisition Technology Development Concept Refinement TRL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 RTO focus is principally fundamental and applied research - “precompetitive” RTO focus is principally fundamental and applied research - “precompetitive” RTO is becoming more involved with demonstrations RTO is becoming more involved with demonstrations

9. An Example: the Security R&T Policy of CNSDR within Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 1999 – Framework Agreement for Cooperation between the Ministry of Defense and Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 1999 – Framework Agreement for Cooperation between the Ministry of Defense and Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 2001 – establishment of CNSDR as a specialized coordination body within the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 2001 – establishment of CNSDR as a specialized coordination body within the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 2002 – a major study on Research Support for Planning the Modernization of the Bulgarian Army: an Inventory of security research capabilities in BAS 2002 – a major study on Research Support for Planning the Modernization of the Bulgarian Army: an Inventory of security research capabilities in BAS Main goals of the Center To coordinate and optimize the contacts between the 65 institutes of BAS and the Ministry of Defense To coordinate and optimize the contacts between the 65 institutes of BAS and the Ministry of Defense To provide information to BAS institutes for current needs of the end-user (mainly the Ministry of Defense) To provide information to BAS institutes for current needs of the end-user (mainly the Ministry of Defense) To provide information to BAS institutes for current security-related research programmes in NATO and EU To provide information to BAS institutes for current security-related research programmes in NATO and EU To organize research activities of BAS teams in defense and security-related sphere To organize research activities of BAS teams in defense and security-related sphere

10. The Security R&T Policy of the Permanent Committee for Protection of the Population 2003 – the establishment of the Scientific Coordination Council at the Permanent Governmental Committee for Protection of the Population against Natural Disasters and Emergencies 2003 – the establishment of the Scientific Coordination Council at the Permanent Governmental Committee for Protection of the Population against Natural Disasters and Emergencies CNSDR is the administrative Secretariat of the Scientific Coordination Council CNSDR is the administrative Secretariat of the Scientific Coordination Council The Center coordinates the applied research of 7 Expert councils dealing with radiological, chemical, medical, seismical, meteorological, biological protection and the protection of the population and critical infrastructure The Center coordinates the applied research of 7 Expert councils dealing with radiological, chemical, medical, seismical, meteorological, biological protection and the protection of the population and critical infrastructure The Center organized the First National Research Conference on Emergency Management in 2005 and co-organized the TACOM exercise which is part of the National emergency management exercise “Protection-2006” The Center organized the First National Research Conference on Emergency Management in 2005 and co-organized the TACOM exercise which is part of the National emergency management exercise “Protection-2006”

11. On the Road to a Bulgarian Security Research Programme Political Will as a Fundamental Prerequisite Political Will as a Fundamental Prerequisite A Survey of existing institution-focussed Security R&T quasi- programmes in Bulgaria A Survey of existing institution-focussed Security R&T quasi- programmes in Bulgaria The Role of MoD, MoI, MoSPDA The Role of MoD, MoI, MoSPDA Strengthening the network within the academic sector and between business, academic sector, NGO-s and governmental institutions. Strengthening the network within the academic sector and between business, academic sector, NGO-s and governmental institutions. Participation at the Technology Watch project under FP7, Security theme Participation at the Technology Watch project under FP7, Security theme The STACCATO Taxonomy as a basis for a Bulgarian taxonomy of security technologies, systems and products The STACCATO Taxonomy as a basis for a Bulgarian taxonomy of security technologies, systems and products Special focus on young scientists dealing with security research issues Special focus on young scientists dealing with security research issues The PhD policy as one of the important elements of security R&T programmes The PhD policy as one of the important elements of security R&T programmes

12. Conclusions For 5 years of its existence CNSDR’s main achievement is better coordination and priority setting in the sphere of security research within BAS For 5 years of its existence CNSDR’s main achievement is better coordination and priority setting in the sphere of security research within BAS CNSDR supports the development and implementation of a comprehensive Bulgarian security and defense R&T programme CNSDR supports the development and implementation of a comprehensive Bulgarian security and defense R&T programme