3. What is imperialism? Strong nation has political, economic, and social control over a weaker nation

4. What is the goal of U.S. imperialism during the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries? The need for markets and resources for industrialization

5. What was the Spanish-America War and why was the U.S. involved? U.S. versus Spain in Puerto Rico We gained three territories (Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippine Islands)

6. Why did we acquire Hawaii? Sugar Trade Protect American business interests Queen was overthrown A naval base

7. What is the Open Door Policy with China? Other countries were given the opportunity to trade and gain land in China Chinese people were against this They had no say

8. What was the League of Nations? Organization of countries in which their goal was to prevent war

9. Why did the League of Nations fail? U.S. did not join No power to prevent aggression

10. What is isolationism? Remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups

12. What U.S. involved events led to our entry into WWII? Neutrality Acts Lend Lease Act Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor We declare war on Japan

13. What was Executive Order 9066? Japanese Internment Camps

14. How did this decision by FDR balance individual rights and national security? It was a result of war worries Prejudice Failure of leadership There was no balance

15. Who took over jobs formally held by men during WWI and WWII? Women

16. What roles and actions did Americans take on the home front during WWII? Victory gardens Food Rations Bought War Bonds Food Drives Rations on war materials Everyone worked

17. How did some Americans justify the use of the Atomic Bomb? Shortened the war Japan did not adhere to our warnings The attack on Pearl Harbor needed revenge

18. What is the United Nations? To preserve peace Created after WWII

19. What was its primary goal? Preserve peace Intervene in conflicts to prevent war

20. After WWII, what was the economy and the social aspect of the U.S. like? Strong economy Cities suffered- middle class moved to suburbs Baby boom generation was born Tech advancements Neighborhoods were built Shopping was a hobby

21. Did the government have a role in the social welfare of the U.S.? No

23. Describe the United State’s Cold War policy under President Truman? Policy on containment Stop the spread of communism

24. What is the Marshall Plan George C. Marshall U.S. program to rebuild Europe after WWII Rejected by the Soviet Union Plan weakened appeal

25. What was the Truman Doctrine? President Truman 1947 U.S. would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid This would prevent them from falling to the Soviets

26. What was the Berlin Airlift? When the Berlin Wall was built the Soviets cut off supplies to the people U.S. airlifted supplies to the people

27. Who was Joseph McCarthy? A U.S. Senator

28. How did his actions cause a “Red Scare” in America? He “called out” Americans as communist

29. How many Red Scares were there? 2 1920s 1950s

30. What happened to Americans involved in the “Red Scare”? Accused of being communist

31. Why were we involved in the Korean War? To stop the spread of communism into S. Korea

32. What was the “Iron Curtain”? Soviet Union controlled Eastern Europe

33. What characteristics did these countries have in common? Communist government Command economy

34. What events during the Cold War led to a new agency and race in the U.S.? Soviet Union launched Sputnik Space Race began Creation of Nasa More funding for science and math JFK had a goal to land on the moon

35. What event occurred between the U.S, Cuba, and the Soviet Union due to a fear of the use of atomic weapons? Cuban Missile Crisis

36. What was the Cuban Missile Crisis? Soviet Union attempts to install nuclear missiles in Cuba Cuba a communist country is controlled by Fidel Castro Cuba is allies with the Soviet Union U.S. gives ultimatum to SU Stop weapons exchange Russia backs down, removes missiles

38. What were the reasons behind the U.S. involvement in the war in Vietnam? Stop the spread of communism Aid the S. Vietnamese

40. What legislation legalized segregation in America? Plessy v. Ferguson Jim Crow Laws

41. What was the purpose of the Women’s Suffrage Movement and the 1960s Civil Rights Movement? Pursue equal rights for all Americans

42. What were Jim Crow laws? Allow for the legal separation of race They promoted segregation

43. What is the NAACP? National Association for the Advancement of Colored People It was created to stop segregation; inequalities in the schools and workplace

44. Describe civil disobedience Legal form of protest to bring about government change What are some examples? Sit-ins Boycotts Freedom Rides Why did people engage in civil disobedience? To peacefully protest

45. Who created the National Organization for Women (NOW) ? Betty Freidan

46. What other inequalities did they hope to correct? Equal pay Equal benefits Advancement in education Advancement in careers

47. What was the goal of groups during the Civil Rights Movements (women, minorities, disabled)? Equal pay Equal opportunity Better benefits Better representation in politics Stop unfair hiring practices Create better working conditions

49. In regards to the ratification of the Constitution, what were the views of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists Federalists For the constitution Powerful federal government No Bill of Rights Anti-Federalists Against the Constitution Need a protection of freedoms States have more power

50. What was the importance of the Northwest Ordinance? Provided a protocol for adding new states to the Union

52. Why were labor unions so important during the Progressive Era? Protested unsafe working conditions Demanded better pay Shorter hours More and better benefits

53. What are some examples of Progressive Era legislation? Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act Labor Department

55. What were some of the changes that occurred in the late 19 th century that made cities grow larger? Immigrants can to U.Ss for jobs Industrialization created jobs Improved technology in agriculture increased output People moved from rural areas to cities

56. Today in the twentieth century, immigration has the U.S. become more or less diverse? More diverse More languages More cultures

57. Why has the use of the Spanish language increased so much throughout the U.S. over the last 50 years? Increase of immigrants speaking the language Immersion of the Spanish culture into our

59. What are the Bill of Rights? The first 10 amendments to the Constitution

60. What is the 1 st amendment? Freedom of press Freedom of religion Freedom to petition Freedom of assembly Freedom of speech

61. What is the 19 th Amendment? Women’s suffrage Allowed to vote

63. What is Plessy v. Ferguson? Declared segregation legal

64. What is Brown v. Board of Education? Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson Declared that segregation is illegal

65. What is Bakke v. Univ. of California? Allows for affirmative action programs

67. What were signs during the 1920s that the economy was taking a downturn? Bank failures Overproduction of goods Overspending People buying stocks on the margin People using credit and taking out loans they could not afford Led to: Stock Market Crash

68. How did the Great Depression influence the U.S. economy? What changes did it make to the government? FDR and the government were more involved in the economy’s recovery FDR’s plan to combat the depression was called the New Deal