1. Online Practice Lab: The book comes with a code for the online practice lab. If you bought a USED book and someone already registered the code, you WILL NOT be able to access the practice lab. The practice lab exercises are part of your grade for this class. If you have a used book, you can call the publisher to purchase access to the online practice lab ($25-$30). The phone # for the publisher is: 1-800-542-2442

2. To Access Online Practice: Website: grammarsensepractice.com Instructions are on the last page in the book. Class Name: Level 3 Fall 2015 – Bissonnet OR Level 3 Fall 2015 – Spring Branch Class ID Code: Bissonnet: C-435-806-0777 Spring Branch: C-350-489-0306 Instructor: Edward Feighny

3. THE PRESENT Ch. 1

4. The Simple Present Used to talk about repeated activities like habits, routines or scheduled events. Adverbs of frequency and time expressions (usually, every hour, once in awhile, occasionally) often are used with the simple present Example (Routine): I usually drink two cups of coffee in the morning. Example (Schedule): The bus comes every hour.

5. The Simple Present The Simple Present can also be used to describe factual information, such as GENERAL truths or definitions. Example (General Truth): Some babies don’t sleep at night. Example (Definitions): A recliner is a comfortable chair that leans back.

6. The Simple Present SingularPlural 1 st PersonI talkWe talk 2 nd PersonYou talk 3 rd PersonShe talksThey talk He talks It Rains *Notice: The verb after the third person singular has an –s on the ending!

7. Practice! My mother and father __________ (eat/eats) breakfast at 7:00 every day. My mother _________ (drink/drinks) tea with her breakfast. I ________ (take/takes) a bath every morning.

8. Practice! My sister ___________ (take/takes) a shower. I __________ (study/studies) English with my friends. We _________ (walk/walks) to school together every morning.

9. Practice! Class ___________ (begin/begins) at 9:00 every day. It __________ (stop/stops) at noon for lunch. We ___________ (eat/eats) in the cafeteria. Handout: Exercise 3, p. 55

10. Common Frequency Adverbs 100%=ALWAYS 90-99%=USUALLY 75-90%=OFTEN 25-75%=SOMETIMES 5-10%=SELDOM 1-10%=RARELY 0%=NEVER

11. Practice I eat breakfast 7 days a week. I _____________ eat breakfast. Always, Usually, Often, Sometimes, Seldom, Rarely, Never

12. Practice I HATE carrots! I ____________ eat carrots. Always, Usually, Often, Sometimes, Seldom, Rarely, Never

13. Practice I watch TV in the morning a few times a month. I ____________ watch TV in the morning. Always, Usually, Often, Sometimes, Seldom, Rarely, Never

14. Practice 4 out of 5 days a week, I eat lunch at my desk. I ____________ eat lunch at my desk. Always, Usually, Often, Sometimes, Seldom, Rarely, Never

15. Practice I only flunked one student out of the past four classes I have taught. I ______________ flunk students. Always, Usually, Often, Sometimes, Seldom, Rarely, Never Handout, Exercise 4-5, p. 56-57

16. The Simple Present: Negative 1 st Person Singular IDo Not (Don’t)Drink Coffee 1 st Person PluralWeDo Not (Don’t)Drink Coffee 2 nd PersonYouDo Not (Don’t)Drink Coffee 3 rd Person PluralTheyDo Not (Don’t)Drink Coffee 3 rd Person Singular She/He/ItDoes Not (Doesn’t) Drink Coffee * Notice: In the 3 rd Person singular, there is no –s on the main verb because the –s is part of DOES *Do and Does are called “Helping Verbs”

17. Practice! Use the words in brackets to make negative sentences. Ingrid (like, not) ________tea. I (like, not) ______________tea. Mary and Jim are strangers. Mary (know, not) ____________ Jim.

18. Practice! It’s a nice day today. You (need, not) _____________ your umbrella. I (speak, not) ____________ French. Butterflies (live, not) ____________ long. Exercise 23, p. 69

19. The Simple Present: Yes/No ?s Do/DoesSubjectVerb DoYouWork DoesSheWork DoTheyWork *Note: You still use DOES for 3 rd Person Singular!

20. The Simple Present: Short Answers AffirmativeNegative YES I do No I do not (don’t) She doesShe does not (doesn’t They doThey do not (don’t)

21. Practice! Make a question out of the following sentences, then answer them. I like tea. She does not like coffee. I don’t speak Vietnamese. Ann speaks Italian. Ann and Tom don’t have pets. Sue has a cold. It rains a lot in April. Frogs don’t have tails.

22. The Simple Present: Informative Questions With a Subject Wh- Word Do/ Does SubjectVerb WhyDoYouWork WhereDoesSheLive WhatDoTheyThink Without a Subject Wh- Word Do/ Does Subjec t Verb WhoWorks WhatHappen s

23. Practice! Turn the following sentences into questions. Use the answers to decide which type (yes/no or wh- word) to use: Jean eats lunch at the cafeteria every day. Answer: Yes, she does. Question: Does Jean eat lunch at the cafeteria every day?

24. Practice! Jean eats lunch at the cafeteria every day. Answer: At the cafeteria. Peter works at the post office. Answer: At the post office.

25. Practice! I live in an apartment. Answer: Yes, I do. Bill eats dinner at a restaurant every day. Answer: At a restaurant. Handout: Exercise 37, p. 82

26. Simple Present Review Use Simple Present to talk about: Habits Routines Scheduled Events

27. Present Continuous Use Present Continuous to talk about Activities in progress at this EXACT moment (I’m drinking a cup of coffee right now.) Activities in progress over a period of time (I’m taking 3 classes.) New or temporary situations (I’m living with my parents until I get a job.) To express complaints (My brother is constantly drinking coffee. He should drink more water).

28. THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE Iam ‘m playing You We They are ‘re He She It is ‘s AFFIRMATIVE: Play

29. Examples I AM teaching. (first person singular) We ARE teaching. (first person plural) You ARE teaching. (second person singular + plural) They ARE teaching. (third person plural) He IS teaching. (third person singular) Handout, p. 93

30. VERB + ing (spelling rules) Ends in two consonants or two vowels + one consonant add –ing stand + ing = standing read + ing = reading Ends in consonant + e drop the –e and add -ing write + ing = writing Ends in one vowel + one consonant** double the consonant and add -ing hop + p + ing = hopping travel + l + ing = travelling(except w, x, and y) Ends in two vowels drop the two consonants; add –y + ing die (-ie  y) + ing = dying Handout, p. 97

31. Present Continuous - Negative To make a NEGATIVE statement in Present Continuous, just add “not” after “be” Joe is talking on his phone. Joe is not talking on his phone.

32. THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE I am not ‘m not playing You We They are not aren’t He She It is not isn’t NEGATIVE: Play

33. Practice Turn the following statements into negatives: Mary and Joe are going golfing. They are moving to Dallas. Sue is at the movies. The dog is barking. Handout, p. 99

34. Present Cont. Yes/No Questions Be + Subject + Verb (you just move “be” BEFORE the subject) Example: The teacher is helping the students. IS the teacher helping the students?

35. THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE AmI playing? Are you we they Is he she it Yes/No: Play

36. Practice Change these sentences into yes/no questions. John is riding a bike. The students are watching TV. The dog is barking. The sun is shining. It is raining. Handout, p. 102 Exercise 15

37. Present Cont. – Information Questions If you know the subject: Question Word + Be + Subject + base verb Where is Mary sleeping? What is Ted watching? Where are the kids going to school? Why are you watching TV? Without subject: Question word + Be (matches q. word) + base verb Who is watching TV? What is making that noise?

38. Practice Turn the following into information questions. You are going to HCC. I am eating a sandwich. She is singing. Handout, p. 104, Exercise 18

39. COMPLAIN ALL YOU WANT!!! Think about the behavior of people you know, or the behavior of famous people. Complain about them! Try to include some of the following words in your complaints with your present continuous verbs: Always Constantly Continually Example: My brother is constantly stealing my popcorn. Write 5 sentences. When you finish, turn it in to me and read p. 17-18 in your textbook.

40. Listening Practice! B1 – Listening for Form p. 8 C1 – Listening for Meaning & Use p. 14

41. Stative vs. Active Verbs Read p. 17-18 to yourself Stative is a fancy word for NONACTIVE. Verbs can express ACTIONS (run, jump, sing). Verbs can also express STATES OF BEING or CONDITIONS (stative). We use stative verbs a lot in the simple present. We usually don’t use stative verbs in the present continuous.

42. Common Stative Verbs: It’s probably a stative verb if it: - describes or measures something sound, cost - expresses possession or a relationship have, include - expresses knowledge and beliefs remember, agree - describes emotions or attitudes fear, need - describes senses and sensations hear, taste

43. The BAD news: You need to take the time to memorize the list of stative verbs on p. 17. Knowing those common stative verbs will help your grammar grade AND improve your writing skills. Read p. 18 to yourself

44. Exceptions to the Rule: SOMETIMES verbs with stative meanings ALSO have active meanings. If you are talking about the ACTIVE meaning of the word, then you CAN use that word in present continuous.

45. Examples: I THINK the pie is delicious. (think = a belief) We’re THINKING about moving (think = mental activity) It weighs a lot. (weighs = measurement) I’m weighing it on the scale. (weigh = physical activity)

46. Have (has) When have = possess then it expresses a STATE and can only be used in simple present. When have = experience, eat, or drink, then it is expressing an ACTIVITY and can be used in present continuous.

47. Examples: Peter has two cars. (has = possess = stative) We have a computer at home. (have = possess = stative) We are having turkey for dinner. (have = eating = active) Are you having any problems? (have = experience = active)

48. Senses Sense verbs (see, hear, smell, taste) can be stative or active. If it’s expressing an UNCONTROLLED state, then it is stative, and you use simple present. The garbage smells. (smell = involuntary state = stative) If it’s expressing a VOLUNTARY action, then it is active, and you use present continuous. I’m smelling each flower to find my favorite. (smell = voluntary action = active)

49. Another Example: The turkey tastes bland. (taste = involuntary state = stative) I’m tasting the gravy now. (taste = voluntary action = active)

50. Physical Sensations Verbs that express physical sensations can occur in BOTH the simple present and present continuous WITHOUT the meaning changing. Physical sensation = how you feel (sick, well, hurt) My stomach hurts and I feel sick. (stative verb in simple present) VS. My stomach is hurting and I’m feeling sick. (active verb in present continuous)

51. Be + Adjective = A Behavior as a Verb Adjectives can describe behaviors. To express TYPICAL behaviors (typical = routine) use be + adjective to form a simple present verb. My kids are good. My dogs are silly. She is rude.

52. Be + Adjective = Behavior as a Verb If the behavior is NOT typical OR is temporary, use be + adjective + -ing ending to form a present continuous verb. My kids are being bad today. My dogs are being goofy lately. She is being rude these days.

53. Practice Use the words in parentheses to complete the sentences. Use the simple present or the present progressive as appropriate.

54. Alice is in her room right now. She (read) __________________ a book. She (like) ____________ the book.

55. Alice is in her room right now. She is reading a book. She likes the book.

56. It (snow) ___________ right now. It’s beautiful! I (like) _____________ this weather.

57. It is snowing right now. It’s beautiful! I like this weather.

58. I (know) _____________ Jessica Jones. She is in my class.

59. I know Jessica Jones. She is in my class.

60. The teacher (talk) _______________ to us right now. I (understand) __________________ everything she’s saying.

61. The teacher is talking to us right now. I understand everything she’s saying.

62. Mike is at a restaurant right now. He (eat) ____________ dinner. He (like) ___________ the food. It (taste) ___________ good.

63. Mike is at a restaurant right now. He is eating dinner. He likes the food. It tastes good.

64. Sniff-sniff. I (smell) _____________ gasoline. (you, smell) __________________ it too?

65. Sniff-sniff. I smell gas. Do you smell it too?

66. Jason (tell) ______________ us a story right now. I (believe) _________________ his story. I (think) __________________ that his story is true.

67. Jason is telling us a story right now. I believe his story. I think that his story is true.

68. Ugh! Someone (smoke) ____________ a cigar. It (smell) ___________ terrible! I (hate) ___________ cigars!

69. Ugh! Someone is smoking a cigar. It smells terrible! I hate cigars!

70. Look at Mr. Allen. He (hold) _____________ a kitten in his hand. He (love) _____________ the kitten. Mr. Allen (smile) ____________.

71. Look at Mr. Allen. He is holding a kitten in his hand. He loves the kitten. Mr. Allen is smiling.

72. Listening Practice D1 – Listening for Meaning & Use p. 19 D3 p. 20 Think Critically, p. 24