1. National Institute of Building Sciences International Alliance for Interoperability Deke Smith, FAIA, Executive Director, buildingSMART alliance June 24, 2009 Building Cost Engineering Technical Competencies for the 21 st Century Global BIM Initiatives

2. © 2008 NIBS My Journey – The Early Days NAVFAC Cost Engineering -1977 (PL/1 to dBASE) Smith Group / R. S. Means / McAuto - 1979 Tri-Service Cost - 1985

3. © 2008 NIBS National Institute of Building Sciences 1974 - Public Law 93-383, Sect. 809 –Bridge between Private and Public Construction –Non-governmental – Unique 501c3 Organization –Unique in that it represents all disciplines in industry Architects, Engineers, Contractors, Insurers, Unions, Manufacturers, Legal, Housing, Vendors, Owners, Consumers, State & Federal Government, Codes & Standards, and Testing –buildingSMART alliance is a council of the Institute –North American Chapter of buildingSMART International –Formerly International Alliance for interoperability NIBS Related Products – –Construction Criteria Base - 1985 –Whole Building Design Guide - 1992 –National CAD Standard - 1999 –National BIM Standard - 2007 An Authoritative Source of Innovative Solutions for the Built Environment

4. © 2008 NIBS Agenda What is Building Information Modeling? buildingSMART alliance BIM’s Role Estimating Scheduling Sustainability Business Case for BIM Graphic used with permission Gehry Technologies

5. © 2008 NIBS What is BIM?

6. © 2008 NIBS Building Information Modeling (BIM) A Building Information Model (BIM) is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. As such it serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle from inception onward. United States National BIM Standard V1, P1 Jan 2008

7. © 2008 NIBS Three Areas of Orientation Marketing – Getting you to come in Audience – Those paying to see the show Backstage – Those who put the show on

8. © 2008 NIBS Marketing: Getting People Involved Using BIM will help: –Enhance LEED, Lean, LCC and VE –Improve and validate energy usage –Create sustainable facilities –Reduce use of raw materials –Create “zero carbon” facilities –Cut life-cycle cost –Deliver a facility sooner –Reduce overall cost –Provide visual understanding of final product –Allow for multi faceted analysis

9. © 2008 NIBS Facilities consume 40% of our energy 65.2% of total U.S. elec. consumption Facilities contribute 40% of the emissions Facilities contribute 20% of land fills 40% of global raw materials are consumed by buildings – 75% by all facilities U.S. is no longer the worlds largest consumer…but we did not slow down, Source: AIA-Architects and Climate Change Each Year 5 B SF of New Construction - 5 B SF of Renovation - 1.75 B SF of Demolition 2035 - 75% of the built environment in the US will be either new or renovated We must act now Marketing: Shaping The Business Case CII/LCI - $1.288 trillion US ($4.8 trillion Worldwide) D&C industry with possible 57% waste 26% Manuf.) – Even at 31% waste it equals $400B annually NIST in 2004 identified $15.8B lost to lack of interoperability

10. © 2008 NIBS Audience Many tools are here today to accomplish BIM Building modeling is prevalent today – BIM is not Good progress in planning, design, construction, QTO, and scheduling Life cycle estimating is not yet available Multifaceted analysis is in its infancy Usage is expanding rapidly – but some is just hype openBIM is possible but not all software products successfully support it yet. McGraw-Hill Construction Smart Market Report on BIM Usage is a good resource for metrics

11. © 2008 NIBS Audience: Strategic Decisions Written for the decision maker Understand the important issues for success Reasons for and possibilities of BIM Builds the business case for BIM BuildingSMART and NBIMS based

12. © 2008 NIBS Backstage buildingSMART alliance is developing the US National BIM Standard buildingSMART International is developing Industry Foundation Class - IFC’s are mature and sustained (ISO 16739 IFC 2x4) –Model Views actively being developed –Information Delivery Manuals are being developed –Implementers Support Group is active Visit www.buildingSMARTalliance.org for more information including link to buildingSMART International

13. © 2008 NIBS Alliance Goals For Today Build facilities electronically and completely before we build them physically. “Build a model then build the model” –Reduces risk and therefore litigation –Reduces RFI’s and change orders –Allows more activities to occur in parallel thus speeding delivery –Provides better estimates –Delivers true as-built Courtesy Dennis Shelden – Gehry Technologies

14. © 2008 NIBS Alliance Goals for Tomorrow Collect data once and use from inception onward and allow information to flow –Authoritative source collects information and records metadata –Information assurance is in place to protect intellectual property –Multi faceted analysis is supported by software –Facility management uses information for operations and sustainment –All facets of the lifecycle are supported

15. © 2008 NIBS Alliance Strategic Plan Goals 1.Build Team - Create a strong industry presence 2.Define Scope - Connect major participants of the building industry in a stakeholder activity model 3.Create Candidates - Implement and support coordination of candidate open standards and guidance 4.Produce Standard - Develop a consensus infrastructure to advance open industry standards for interoperability and collaboration

16. © 2008 NIBS Alliance Interest Groups Benefits Local Networking Teaming Opportunities Topics of Interest LocationContact Atlanta Chuck Eastman Scott Ebert Austin, and Central TexasC. Michael Donoghue, PE ChicagoDavid Ivey CincinnatiJames Salmon Dallas / Fort WorthWill F. Ikerd II, P.E., C.W.I. University of Florida Wei Wu Dr. Raymond Issa Iowa-Illinois Quad-CitiesTerry Jordan Minneapolis, MNDavid A. Jordani, FAIA Karie L. Johnson, AIA New York City, NYHosney Abdelgelil Portland, ORMatthew W. Brewster Princeton, NJJori Fahrenfeld Seattle, WATodd Smith Southern CaliforniaKimon Onuma John Stebbin Washington, DCMichael Tardif

17. © 2008 NIBS OGC AECOO-1 Testbed Sponsors buildingSMART alliance (joint initiative with OGC) Associated General Contractors of America American Institute of Architects Burt Hill Ellerbe Becket Gilbane Development Corporation HOK Large Firm Round Table NIST Statsbygg (Norway) US General Services Administration Webcor Builders Participants Software vendors –Bentley –Graphisoft –Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory –Nemetschek, NA –Phi Cubed / Sofi Exec –Tokmo Consultants –Digital Alchemy –Stanford Center for Integrated Facility Engineering (CIFE)

18. © 2008 NIBS OGC AECOO-1 Testbed Design Model Design Model Owner Review ConceptualizationCriteria DesignDetailed Design Design checked … Submitted for Energy Analysis Design checked … Submitted for Energy Analysis Energy Analysis “positive” results… Submitted for Cost Estimating Energy Analysis “positive” results… Submitted for Cost Estimating Energy Analysis “negative” results… Re-Submitted for Design Energy Analysis “negative” results… Re-Submitted for Design Cost Estimating Cost Estimate completed results… Submitted to Design Team Cost Estimate completed results… Submitted to Design Team Design… Submitted for Owner review Design… Submitted for Owner review Owner “accepts/rejects” design… Design Team notified/comments Owner “accepts/rejects” design… Design Team notified/comments Design Model Energy Report Graphics courtesy of Andy Smith of Bentley Systems Ownership IPD

19. © 2008 NIBS QTO Portion of AECOO-1 Project Automated QTO can link to Schedule using IFC’s

20. © 2008 NIBS OGC AECOO-1 Testbed Baseline BIM Change roof construction type Change glazing type Add overhangs on south and west facade Reduce all window size by 25% Graphic courtesy of Andy Smith of Bentley Systems Impact of each on QTO and Initial Cost

21. © 2008 NIBS Multifaceted Decision Making Initial Cost Lifecycle cost / Maintenance Energy / Power use Environmental impact / HVAC LEED Rating Lean Constr. / Pre-construction Raw Material Usage Carbon Footprint / Carbon Neutral Recycles at end of life Combustion / Flame spread Out gassing / Health issues Resistance to mold / rot Functional characteristics Quality / Durability Mean Time Between Failure

22. © 2008 NIBS Detailed Estimating (AACEi)

23. © 2008 NIBS How most currently reconcile clashes A far better way to reconcile clashes How could the old way be better? Courtesy of Jim Bedrick Webcor Builders

24. © 2008 NIBS Mathematical and Visual Conflict Analysis Courtesy of Dale Davis, Associate AIA and LEED ap, Jtec HCM, Inc.

25. © 2008 NIBS Relationships With Models courtesy image by Building Explorer 4D – Schedule 5D – Cost over time 6D - Simulation

26. © 2008 NIBS Build A Model Then Build The Model Photo courtesy of Dennis R. Shelden, Ph.D., Chief Technology Officer, Gehry Technologies. The picture is of the Ceiling Integration Disney Conference Hall, designed by Frank Gehry. Any trade that does not want to be included in the model goes last after all else is complete. David Morris of Emcor-

27. © 2008 NIBS Building Virtually First – True As-Built Courtesy Benjamin D. Hall Interdisciplinary Research Building

28. © 2008 NIBS Collaborative Design Decisions Architect Engineer Cost Engineer Specifier Owner QuantitativeQualitative

29. © 2008 NIBS Current Disconnects in Estimating Concept / BudgetUniformat / Historical PlanningUniformat SchematicMasterFormat DesignMasterFormat ConstructionMasterFormat Change OrdersMasterFormat RenovationUnique Tax AnalysisUnique Insurance Unique

30. © 2008 NIBS Information Hierarchy for Costs IAI-IFC Usage Space Natural Asset Linear Structure Structure Building Facility / Built Theatre / World Sub-Systems System Level Site Real Property Asset Country State / Province County Installation / Region Node Segment Room Space System Level Sub-Systems Room Water / Sea Land / Parcel Underground Air / Space Overlay Components City OGC ®

31. © 2008 NIBS Metadata Prescribed by NBIMS

32. © 2008 NIBS Proposed Cost Related Metadata Level 10 – “Rule of thumb” Level 9 – Historically based on similar facilities Level 8 – Based on Uniformat level 2 Model Level 7 – Based on Uniformat level 3+ Model Level 6 – Schematic Design – MasterFormat based Level 5 – Detailed design estimate – book priced Level 4 – Detailed design estimate - validated Level 3 – Price based on QTO from model Level 2 – Price based on quotes from suppliers Level 1 – Exact cost based on installed price

33. © 2008 NIBS Ontologies - CSI/CSC - OmniClass Table 11 - Construction Entities by Function Table 12 - Construction Entities by Form Table 13 - Spaces by Function Table 14 - Spaces by Form Table 21 - Elements “UNIFORMAT” Table 22 - Work Results “MasterFormat” Table 23 - Products Table 31 - Phases Table 32 - Services Table 33 - Disciplines Table 34 - Organizational Roles Table 35 - Tools Table 36 - Information Table 41 - Materials Table 49 - Properties

34. © 2008 NIBS Ontologies - Updated Uniformat PROPOSED UNIFORMAT ELEMENT A ASTRUCTURE A10SUBSTRUCTURE A1010Foundations Standard Foundations Wall Foundations Continuous Footings Foundation Walls Column Foundations Spread Footings Column Piers Special Foundations31 60 00 Driven Piles31 62 00 Bored/Augured Piles31 63 00 Caissons31 64 00 Special Foundation Walls31 66 16 Foundation Anchors31 68 00 Underpinning31 48 00 Raft Foundations Grade Beams A1030Subgrade Enclosures Walls for Subgrade Enclosures Subgrade Enclosure Wall Construction Subgrade Enclosure Wall Interior Finish Subgrade Enclosure Wall Supplementary Components Subgrade Enclosure Wall Dampproofing07 11 00 Subgrade Enclosure Wall Waterproofing07 10 00 Subgrade Enclosure Wall Insulation07 20 00 Subgrade Enclosure Wall Vapor Retarders07 26 00 Doors for Subgrade Enclosure Walls08 10 00, 08 30 00 Windows for Subgrade Enclosure Walls08 50 00 Window Wells10 74 46 A.Structure B.Shell C.Interiors D.Services E.Equipment & Furnishings F.Special Construction and Deconstruction G.Site work Z.General A.Structure B.Shell C.Interiors D.Services E.Equipment & Furnishings F.Special Construction and Deconstruction G.Site work Z.General Again links back to MasterFormat

35. © 2008 NIBS Courtesy Benjamin D. Hall Interdisciplinary Research Building Preconstruction

36. © 2008 NIBS Schedule and Simulation Graphics courtesy of M.A. Mortenson & AEC Bytes

37. © 2008 NIBS Scheduling and Visualization Graphics courtesy of M.A. Mortenson & AEC Bytes

38. © 2008 NIBS Business Case

39. © 2008 NIBS Business Case: Letterman Digital Arts Center “Despite numerous design layout changes that were required by Lucas Film Ltd. due to company restructuring, the LDAC project was completed on time and below the estimated budget….over two hundred design and construction conflicts were identified, most of which were corrected before construction, resulting in an estimated savings of over $10 million on this $350 million project.” Courtesy of AECbytes "Building the Future" Article (September 30, 2006) Building Owners Driving BIM: The "Letterman Digital Arts Center" StoryMieczyslaw (Mitch) Boryslawski, Associate AIA Founder, View By View, Inc.

40. © 2008 NIBS Lucas Films - School of Cinematic Art’s at USC The donor’s vision for the building: Architectural function and aesthetics are the highest priority. The building should exist for the next 100 years. All design should be coordinated through the use of a “3D” model. At completion, USC will have a fully integrated BIM model.

41. © 2008 NIBS Other Notable BIM Examples GSA, USACE, USCG, VA, and Smithsonian Projects Birds Nest and Water Cube at Beijing Olympics Multiple Design Build Projects Sutter Health Sydney Opera House Many more…

42. © 2008 NIBS Starting BIM is Easy Simple Mass Defining Total Square Footage Mass With Rough Outline Defining Total Square Footage Mass Accurate Outline Defining Total Square Footage Maturing Model Identifying Spaces and All Details Simply make a decision to do so, whether new or existing – hold onto information in an organized way.

43. © 2008 NIBS Maintaining Information Must Be Easy Also Maintain COBIE Analysis Product Selection Ordering & Invoicing Close Work Order When Model is Updated

44. © 2008 NIBS June 2009 Status Owners Planning Architecture Landscape Architecture Civil Engineering Structural Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering Scheduling Cost Engineering Specifications Construction Contractors Sub-Contractors Fabricators Pre-Construction Code Compliance Check Manufacturers Suppliers Legal / Contracts Commissioning Operations Maintenance Energy Insurance Financial First Responders

45. © 2008 NIBS Why Join the Alliance? Participate in projects defining the future Cost and Scheduling are at the heart of the opportunity Ensure we get it right – we need your expertise Attain a greater understanding of BIM Make a difference! Sponsors © M.A. Mortenson Company

46. © 2008 NIBS Questions? Deke Smith dsmith@nibs.org (202) 289-7800

47. © 2008 NIBS Thank You Deke Smith dsmith@nibs.org (202) 289-7800

48. © 2008 NIBS Copyright Materials This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited. Copyright 2009© AEC Infosystems, Inc | Onuma, Inc. Crate & Barrel | buildingSMART alliance National Institute of Building Sciences Bentley Systems | McGraw-Hill Construction Faithful & Gould | Reed Construction Data Gehry Technologies | Jacobs Engineering | Mortenson Dee Cramer | Sydney Opera House Dale Davis, Associate AIA and LEED, Jtec HCM, Inc Wiley, 4Site Press Cannot be used for any other purposes unless authorized by creator