1. Life in the Great Depression and FDR’s New Deal Goal 9

2. Essential Idea  Poor conditions of the Great Depression led to FDR’s election. FDR’s New Deal helped stabilize the American economy.

3. Life in the Great Depression  Who: People in cities  Getting in lines:  12 million people lost their jobs and the unemployment rate was 25%  People waited in “breadlines” or outside soup kitchens hoping for charity

4.  Notice anything ironic?  What two eras of American history are represented in this picture?

5. Hobos  Hobos:  Many people could not find jobs at home  Hobos snuck on to train cars and went from town to town looking for work

6. Hoover “stuff”  Hoovervilles –  Communities of shacks that people lived in  Hooverblankets –  Newspapers that people slept under

7. “Hoover-stuff”  Hooverflags – empty pockets that were turned inside-out, representing poverty  Do you think Hoover will get reelected?

8. Farmers Suffering  Who: Farmers  Problem #1:  Overfarming – farmers had farmed improperly, robbing the topsoil of nutrients and drying out the soil

9. The Dust Bowl  Problem #2:  A drought (lack of rain) casued the soil to turn to dust  The Dust Bowl:  Farmers were unable to farm because their farmland was barren  Huge dust storms would suffocate cattle and carry dust as far as New York City

12. Escapism  How many Americans coped:  Looked to entertainment to escape reality  Notable movies:  Gone with the Wind  Wizard of Oz  Walt Disney:  Disney invented Mickey Mouse in 1928

13. FDR Elected  Election of 1932:  Franklin Roosevelt (FDR) won in a landslide  At the inauguration, he famously said “we have nothing to fear but fear itself”

14. The Hundred Days  Beginning of FDR’s First Term:  Known as the “First Hundred Days”  Fireside chats – FDR began making weekly radio messages to American citizens  The New Deal - FDR got Congress to pass 15 new laws that established new programs

15. The First New Deal  New Deal programs had _____ purposes: relief, recovery, and reform  Relief:  Give Americans immediate help  Recovery:  Give Americans a way to recover long-term  Reform:  Fix problems that had led to the Great Depression

16. Saving the Banks  Saving the Banks  Emergency Banking Relief Act:  This act allowed the Treasury Department to give licenses to stable banks

17. Saving the Banks  In his first fireside chat, FDR told Americans to put their money back in the banks, and they did  FDR ended the banking crisis in a week

18. Reforming Banks  1. FDIC  Stands for: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation  What it did: insured bank accounts up to $100,000

19. Securities and Exchange Commission  2. SEC  Stands for: Securities and Exchange Commission  What it did: regulated the stock market and prevented fraud

20. Agricultural Adjustment Administration  Saving Farms and Businesses  What was the problem?  Low prices and overproduction had hurt farms and businesses  1. AAA  Stands for: Agricultural Adjustment Act  What it did: paid farmers not to produce as many crops or livestock, causes prices to rise

21. National Recovery Administration  2. NRA  Stands for: National Recovery Administration  What it did: regulated businesses to create more jobs

22. The Blue Eagle  Cut work hours, limited factories to two shifts, and set a minimum wage  Companies who participated go a “blue eagle” label, and the government encouraged Americans to buy from them

23. Civilian Conservation Corps  Saving Jobs  1. CCC  Stands for : Civilian Conservation Corps  What it did: paid young men to plant trees, fight forest fires, build reservoirs and parks, etc. (also taught 40,000 of them to read and write)

24. Tennessee Valley Authority  2. TVA  Stands for: Tennessee Valley Authority  What it did: paid workers to build dams in the Tennessee area, which gave electricity to rural areas

25. Public Works Administration  3. PWA  Stands for: Public Works Administration  What it did: paid workers in construction to build highways, dams, sewer systems, schools, and government facilities

26. FDR’s Early Successes  The New Deal’s Impact on the Economy:  The New Deal did not immediately restore prosperity  However, it saved banks, farms, businesses, and jobs  The New Deal’s Impact on the American People:  It changed the spirit of Americans  People were inspired by FDR and filled with hope NEW DEAL RECAP