1. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 Apparatus for intense 8 Li RIB production experiment at SARAF Phase I Tsviki Y. Hirsh 1

2. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 Objectives 2 Intense light RIB production Astrophysical motivation Two-stage irradiation setup 8 Li production experiment in SARAF phase I SARAF neutron sources Future perspectives 123 456

3. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 Background 3 High yield production of 6 He (807 ms) and 8 Li (838 ms) RIB 8 Li 6 He

4. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 Two-stage irradiation setup 4 Heat removal Isotopes extraction

5. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 Motivation 5 Terasawa et al., Astrophysical J., 562:470-479, 2001 November 20 8 Li( ,n) 11 B

6. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 6 M. La Cognata et al. Physics Letters B 664 (2008) 157–161 -Several measurements were preformed - Inclusive n or 11 B measurements - Coincidence measurements (Ishiyama 2006) - Large discrepancy between results

7. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 The discrepancy is solved 7 Higher yields of 8 Li RIB might allow more accurate measurements, especially at low beam energies Due to the plastic detector (in)efficiency in the region below 1 MeV some of the neutron groups could not be detected. M. La Cognata et al. Ast. J. 706:L251-L255 (2009)

8. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 n spectrum of d-Li with 40 MeV 8 M.Hagiwara et al. Fus. Sci. Tech., 48 (2005). Other possible converters: Beryllium, Water, Heavy water 40 MeV, 250 mA Lithium Converter 40 MeV, 5 mA Graphite Converter 40 MeV, 4 mA Lithium Converter 4∙10 14 n/sec/mA = 15 MeV

9. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 Optimization Calculations 9 Hass et al., J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 35, 014042 (2008) Expected Yields for a BeO target: SARAF (40 MeV, 2 mA): 8∙10 12 [ 6 He/sec] SPIRAL2 (40 MeV, 5 mA): 2∙10 13 [ 6 He/sec] Expected Yields for a BN target: SARAF (40 MeV, 2 mA): 2∙10 12 [ 8 Li/sec] Expected Yields for a BeO target: SARAF (40 MeV, 2 mA): 8∙10 12 [ 6 He/sec] SPIRAL2 (40 MeV, 5 mA): 2∙10 13 [ 6 He/sec] Expected Yields for a BN target: SARAF (40 MeV, 2 mA): 2∙10 12 [ 8 Li/sec]

10. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 Efficiency measurement 8 Li RIB Secondary Target Fast neutrons SARAF phase I 10 Soreq Applied Research Accelerator Facility Phase 1 - 5 MeV 2 mA Phase 2 - 40 MeV 4 mA 2010 2016 Primary Target 5 MeV deuterons

11. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 Choosing the target material Only 5.2 MeV deuterons beam Fast neutrons of E >4 MeV in  < 45° High positive Q-Value Fast neutrons but almost 4  distributed 11

12. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 LiFTiT Lithium Fluoride Thick Target 12 Based on D. Petrich et al., “A neutron production target for FRANZ”, (2009) Micro channels 150  m LiF layer Copper cooled back plate Water flow 5.2 MeV d beam Fast neutrons 4∙10 12 n/sec Isotropic Fast neutrons up to 20 MeV 4∙10 12 n/sec Isotropic Fast neutrons up to 20 MeV

13. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 B 4 C target 13 B 4 C porous plates High porosivity (65%) 1-5 micrometer grains Melting point 2300 °C 90% B content 11 B (n,  ) 8 Li

14. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 High temperature furnace 14 Surface ionizer n n n n n n 1500 °C B4CB4C A. Pichard et al. Rev Sci Inst. 81(2) 02A908 (2010)

15. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 The experimental setup 15 5 MeV deuterons beam (d,xn) reactions in LiFTiT 8 Li production inside B 4 C target 8 Li diffuses out of the hot target 8 Li is ionized in the Re ionizer 8 Li ions beam is delivered Efficiency measurement LiFTiT Furnace + B 4 C Detection Chamber

16. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 8 Li detection chamber   8 Li beam (15 keV) Beta measurement using a dE-E telescope Alpha coincidence measurement of 8 Be 2  decay 16

17. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 ISOLDE 6 He production test 17 T.Stora et al. Eurisol meeting, CERN (2009) ISOLDE 17.4.2009 ~10 8 6 He/  C Production via 9 Be(n,  ) 6 He reaction Not an optimized geometry and fast n spectrum Most intense 6 He beam ever produced

18. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 Future directions 18 LOI for spiral2 Based on the same production and extraction method that we are essentially developing LOI for spiral2 Based on the same production and extraction method that we are essentially developing

19. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 19 P.Delahaye, “ The beta-beam project in the EURISOL context ”,Quantum Seminar, Mainz (2006) http://beta-beam.web.cern.ch/beta-beam/ 9 Be(n,α) 6 He 6 He  β - t 0.5 = 807 ms 8 Li  β - t 0.5 = 838 ms 11 B(n,α) 8 Li Beta Beam 65m 130 km Double Target d Linac Beta-Beam 19

20. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 6 He electrostatic trap 20 New physics beyond the Standard Model’s V-A structure 2 Posters of S. Vaintraub and O. Aviv

21. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 Summary 21 The two-stage irradiation scheme is expected to provide orders of magnitude more 8 Li (and 6 He) RIB These intense beams might allow a more precise measurement of astrophysical relevant cross sections A first full production and extraction experiment is planned to take place in the frame of SARAF phase I Towards a specific design of a target for SPIRAL2 and/or SARAF

22. NPA5, Eilat 7/4/20117/4/2011 22 Acknowledgments