1. The Spanish Build an Empire Chapter 4 Lesson 3

2. Build Background  The Spanish have already conquered the Inca of South America and the Aztecs of current day Mexico. Life for the Indians in the new Spanish colonies was very difficult. More conquistadors spread through the Americas seeking gold and claiming Indian lands.

3. Coronado Searches for Gold  Rumors of Seven Cities of Gold in the Southwestern United States drew an African scout named Estevanico and a Spanish priest named Fray Marcos de Niza on a fruitless search.

4. The Search Continues…  The priest repeated the story to Francisco Coronado, an explorer who led a group of Spaniards in 1540 to find the cities. Two years later, they had claimed much of the Southwest for Spain, but found no gold.

5. Forced Labor  Under the encomienda system, Spanish colonists forced Indians to learn Christianity and to work either on farms, in mines, or on ranches without pay.

6. Bartolome de Las Casas  In 1514, Bartolome de Las Casas, a priest sent to run an encomienda, chose instead to fight for Indian rights.  Due in part to his efforts, in 1542 Spain passed a law requiring the Indians be paid for their work.

7. Slavery  In 1508, the Spaniards introduced slavery into North America. By 1570, over 200,000 West Africans had been enslaved by the Spaniards

8. Colonial Cities  In 1522, Hernando Cortes decided that the time was right to rebuild Tenochtitlan. It became Mexico City.  Like Lima, Peru, it was designed with a main square at the center, a huge cathedral dominating the square, and wide streets leading out, much like the European cities of the time.

9. Important Vocabulary: Encomienda:  A very large piece of land in New Spain given by the Spanish government to certain Spanish colonists during the 1500’s. Missionary:  A person who teaches his/her religion to people with different beliefs

10. Important People to Remember.. Estevanico  1500’s African whose stories of the “Seven Cities of Gold” led Francisco Coronado to explore the Southwest in 1540. Fray Marcos De Niza  1500s Roman Catholic priest who accompanied Coronado on his search for the “Seven Cities of Gold”

11. More People… Francisco Coronado  1510-1554 Spanish explorerof the American Southwest from 1540-1542. Bartolome de las Casas  1474-1566 Roman Catholic missionary who opposed the mistreatment of Indians in New Spain.

12. Yanga  1500s-1600s  Leader of a slave revolt in New Spain in 1609.  With his followers built the town of San Lorenzo de los Negros

13. Review and Assess….  Encomienda…

14. Why were enslaved Africans brought to the new world?  Enslaved Africans were brought to the new world because the Indians who were forced to work for the Spanish conquerors died from mistreatment and disease. Africans were brought to replace them.

15. What are the three cultures that mixed to form the Spanish colonial empire?  Spanish  Indian  African

16. Life in a Spanish colony… For Encomienda Owners  Harsh life on encomiendas, dying of diseases and overwork For Enslaved Africans  Forced to work in plantations or mines, some rebelled and escaped. For Native Americans Life in a Spanish colony… Comfortabl e getting rich by the hard life of their workers