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Published byHilary Ellis Modified over 8 years ago
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The Controlling of Nature
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Define the following terms Nomad Hunter-gatherer Neolithic Revolution Slash-and-Burn Farming Domestication
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Terms defined Nomads: wander from place to place in search of food Hunter-gatherers: Nomadic groups whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods Neolithic revolution: Agricultural revolution about 10,000 years ago Slash-and-Burn Farming: cut trees and grass and burned them to clear the field Domestication: Taming of animals
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Achievements in Technology and Art Hunters created spears Fish hooks and harpoons to catch fish Used bone needles to sew animal hides Necklaces of seashells, lion teeth and bear claws Paintings on walls of caves in France and Spain
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Neolithic or Agricultural Revolution Causes of Agricultural Revolution Warmer climate longer growing seasons Increased population Farming steady source of food
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Farming Methods Slash and Burn Burned trees and grasses to clear field Left field after couple of years to other land
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Domestication of Animals Tamed horses, dogs, goats and pigs From rocky ravines to human-made enclosures
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Development of Farming Jarmo (Northeast Iraq): Zagros Mountains Africa: Nile River Valley: Wheat and Barley China: Huang He River Valley: Millet Mexico and Central America: Corn, Beans, Squash Peru: Andes Mountains: Tomatoes and Potatoes
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Ch 1 Section 3 Civilization Main Idea Villages Grow into Cities: New Technology and increased population Economic Changes: Irrigation systems, crafts people(pottery, metal objects, woven cloth) Social Changes: Formation of classes based on positions and wealth. What is Civilization?: Complex culture with five characteristics. Advanced Cities: Center of trade for a larger area. Specialized Workers: Development of skill in specific kind of work: Specialization. Artisans: Skilled workers made goods by hand
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Civilization Continued Main Idea Complex Institutions: Establishment of Government. Institution: Long lasting pattern of organization in a community. Record Keeping: Necessity to keep records. Laws, debts and payments. Scribes: Were the writers of records. Cuneiform: new Sumerian written language. Advanced Technology: Ox drawn plow, irrigation. Melt copper with tin to create bronze. Bronze age in Sumer 2500 B.C. Civilization Emerges in Ur: Banks of Euphrates River. Agricultural Economy: Irrigation and ox drawn plow. Government public works to ensure its operation. A Glimpse of City Life: City wall. Gate opened up into city with one story square homes. Ur’s Thriving Trade: Bazaar or marketplace: Trading goods and service without the use of currency (Barter) The Temple: Center of City Life: Ziggurat – means mountain of God Religious Ritual Recorded
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