1. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 KAB National Conference Know About Business (KAB) Hanoi, Vietnam May 25, 2010 Jens Dyring Christensen Charles Bodwell Enterprise Specialist, ILO Decent Work Team - Bangkok

2. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 Content 1.Youth Employment context 2.ILO Programmes to promote youth employment 3.KAB as one aspect of integrated approach 4.Conclusions

3. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 Context there are more than 1 billion young people aged 15-24 in the world today more than 850 million (85 percent) live in developing countries 100 million young people will be entering the global workforce every year for the next 10 years

4. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 The youth employment challenge youth are generally three times more likely than adults to be unemployed in 2008 unemployed youth numbered 76 million, making up 47% of the world’s unemployed underemployment and indecent working conditions are also prominent recent economic challenges makes the youth employment challenge even more worrisome

5. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 What works best? productive and long term youth employment requires sustained, coherent and concerted action on a combination of economic and social policies youth employment initiatives are more successful when they combine a range of measures spanning education and training, labour market services, support for gaining work experience and entrepreneurship development integrated approaches that combine supportive macro- economic policies and targeted measures, address labour demand and supply, as well as the quantity and quality of employment

6. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 The “4Es” of youth employment strategies Employability – ensuring young women and men have the right skills Equal opportunities – combating gender discrimination in the labour market Entrepreneurship – enterprise education and training for in-school and out- of-school youth Employment creation – Policies and sector strategies to boost job-rich economic growth

7. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 ILO support for youth entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship education for in-school youth – Know about Business (KAB) Entrepreneurship training for out-of school youth – Generate Your Business Idea (GYB), Start Your Business (SYB) – Gender and Enterprise development Together (GET Ahead) Enterprise development for existing young entrepreneurs – Improve Your Business (IYB) Business expansion for growth-oriented young entrepreneurs – Expand Your Business (EYB)

8. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 8. Trends in productivity Trends in productivity

9. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 Know About Business originally developed as a vocational training programme, now often implemented in secondary schools KAB takes an action-learning approach entrepreneurial style of teaching delivery, unique selling point of KAB it is important to keep in mind KAB’s main purpose, that is, to develop entrepreneurship skills.

10. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 What KAB is not KAB is not a business education programme or start-up programme it does, though, have a practical business plan development component KAB is not training like SIYB or GET Ahead, but rather educational – its purpose is broader KAB DOES enhance youth employability, self-confidence and entrepreneurial spirit

11. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 Traditional vs. Enterprising (KAB) teaching approach – key principles Content-driven Knowing what Passive student role Individual Competitive Positivist right/wrong Don’t make mistakes Process-driven Knowing how and why Active student role Team-based Collaborative World of grey Learn from mistakes

12. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 History of KAB 1990-1991 : First KAB program in Kenya 1997-2001: “KAB unstructured” Difference of KAB and SYB slowly evolves 2001-2003: Many new projects for KAB, French (CLE) and Spanish versions (CODE) 2004-2008: Creation of formalized KAB programme, methodology of adaptation and certification

13. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 1st level: awareness raising and preparation of the school pilot test 2nd level: implementation of the school pilot test 3rd level: integration of KAB in the national curriculum and replication Visual Overview

14. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 Regions and KAB Implementation KAB Global Outreach

15. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 KAB global outreach according to regions

16. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 South East Asia & The Pacific KAB Regional Outreach

17. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 Typical KAB agreement Non-exclusive right to translate from English, to reproduce in any form for use in Vietnam Can adapt text and graphics, but should stick original and must acknowledge ILO authorship Right exclusive to country of agreement May sell copies at production cost ILO retains international rights. Domestic rights transferred for purpose of printing only

18. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 ILO’s KAB Support Provision of updated materials Network of other KAB practioners and regional and international facilitators Including global network at http://www.knowaboutbusiness.org/ Methodology for certification of trainers Training activities, programme support Linkage to other programmes focused on youth

19. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 On-line teacher training in Philippines Distance learning programme for KAB in North Africa Combination of pilots of SIYB and KAB in high schools (secondary schools) in PNG Developing new version – and hope to complete new version every 2 – 3 years Variations of KAB methodology

20. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 … but entrepreneurship education and training seldom enough by itself business enabling environment (BEE) where laws and regulations facilitate rather than hinder youth-led business start-up access to affordable finance (start up, investment and working capital) access to business support services mentorship technical skills training

21. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 Conclusions Integrated and innovative set of policies and interventions necessary including national policies, SME support, enabling environment, and entrep programmes like KAB KAB helps address both demand and supply side KAB is not about start-ups, but education KAB should be flexible, adjusted to local requirements ILO looks forward to supporting Vietnam in this process

22. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 “ILO Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization” (2008) “The Global Employment Agenda” (2003) “Global Employment Trends” (2009) “Guide for the preparation of national actions plans on youth employment” (2008) “Youth Employment” (ILO Governing Body paper, Nov 2006) “Conclusions concerning the promotion of sustainable enterprises” (International Labour Conference, 2007) “Facilitating youth entrepreneurship: an analysis of awareness and promotion programmes in formal and non-formal education” (ILO, SEED Working Paper No. 59, Part I & II, 2004) “Stimulating youth entrepreneurship: barriers and incentives to enterprise start- ups by young people” (ILO, SEED Working Paper 76, 2006) “Youth entrepreneurship and the ILO” (Internal SEED note, January 2009) Selected ILO resources on youth employment and youth entrepreneurship

23. KAB National Conference – May 25 2010 THANK YOU! Useful ILO web links www.ilo.org www.knowaboutbusiness.org http://kab.itcilo.org www.ilo.org/youth www.ilo.org/seed www.youthentrenet.org