2.  McClellan’s Peninsular Campaign fails and the Union does not take Richmond  John Pope attacks the Confederacy in the Battle of Second Bull Run and loses  Lee attacks North to get supplies and put pressure on Union

3.  Lee’s army squares off with McClellan at Antietam Creek in the bloodiest day of the Civil War  McClellan had Lee’s orders but waited too long to attack  The battle ended with over 23,000 casualties (more than all other previous American wars combined)  It was a tactical draw but turns out to be a Union victory  McClellan doesn’t attack and allows Lee to regroup  McClellan is fired by Lincoln and replaced by Ambrose Burnside

8.  After the Battle of Antietam Lincoln has to decide whether or not to issue the Emancipation Proclamation  As his advisor, should he issue the Emancipation Proclamation at this time?  Provide some positive and negative consequences with your advice

9.  Order by President Lincoln as Commander in Chief that all slaves in areas of rebellion were free (nearly 4 million slaves)  Positives for the Union- moral advantage, kept Great Britain out of the war, unified and energized the North, encouraged African American enlistment, created desperation with the Confederacy

11.  The year starts bad for the Union with defeats at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville  Also starts bad for Stonewall Jackson since he dies (shot by own soldier, arm amputated, dropped, and catches pneumonia)  Lee decides to invade North again

12.  Needed supplies and food  Hoped to panic Lincoln into moving troops from Vicksburg  Wanted to show Europe that South could win  Hoped to make Lincoln look bad so the Peace Democrats could win in 1864 election

13.  Started by the Confederates foraging for shoes  The Union and George Meade assumed the fortified high ground positions  Lee could not break the Union lines  Pickett’s Charge resulted in nearly 12,000 casualties (over 50,000 total at Gettysburg)  Big Union victory but Meade does not pursue!!- could have ended war

14. Watch this amazing clip on Pickett’s Charge.

15.  Grants Army finalized complete control of the Mississippi for the Union  Laid siege to Vicksburg for 6 weeks until the surrender  Achieved victory 1 day after Gettysburg  Vicksburg refused to celebrate independence until 1941

16.  Huge morale boost for Union  Demoralized the South  No more Northern invasions for the South  Led to final stages of the war