1. INTRO TO ACTIVATED CARBON, CARBON BLACK, NATURAL GRAPHITE
Brahmane Aabha( )

2. CONTENTS Carbon black properties,uses Activated carbon
production,properties,classification,uses
Natural graphite

5. CARBON BLACK
Carbon black (subtypes are acetylene black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black and thermal black) is a material produced by the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products such as FCC tar, coal tar, ethylene cracking tar, and a small amount from vegetable oil.

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Carbon black is a form of paracrystalline carbon that has a high surface-area-to-volume ratio, albeit lower than that of activated carbon.
Carbon black is mainly used as a reinforcing filler in tires and other rubber products. In plastics, paints, and inks carbon black is used as a color pigment.[

7. USES:-
The most common use (70%) of carbon black is as a pigment and reinforcing phase in automobile tires.
Carbon black from vegetable origin is used as a food coloring.
Carbon black has been used in various applications for electronics. As a good conductor of electricity, carbon black is used as a filler mixed in plastics, elastomer, films, adhesives, and paints.[

8. Reinforcing carbon blacks
The highest volume use of carbon black is as a reinforcing filler in rubber products, especially tires.
It is used often in the Aerospace industry in elastomers for aircraft vibration control components such as engine mounts.

10. PIGMEMT
Carbon black (Colour Index International, PBK-7) is the name of a common black pigment, traditionally produced from charring organic materials such as wood or bone. It appears black because it reflects very little light in the visible part of the spectrum, with an albedo near zero.

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PIGMENT is known by a variety of names, each of which reflects a traditional method for producing carbon black:
Ivory black was traditionally produced by charring ivory or bones (see bone char).
Vine black was traditionally produced by charring desiccated grape vines and stems.
Lamp black was traditionally produced by collecting soot, also known as lampblack, from oil lamps.

12. ACTIVATED CARBON

13. Another important characteristic that distinguishes different types of liquid phase carbons is abrasion resistance.
The final important physical property of activated carbon is ash level, which reflects the purity of the carbon

14. Important physical properties are surface area, product density; mesh size, abrasion resistance and ash content. In water treatment applications, carbon density is expressed as back washed and drained (BWD) or bulk density. This establishes the number of pounds of carbon required to fill a back washable filter, and is expressed in terms of pounds per cubic foot.
Mesh size (8x30, 12x40, 20x50, etc.)

15. APPLICATION…..
Activated carbon is used in gas purification, decaffeination, gold purification, metal extraction, water purification, medicine, sewage treatment, air filters in gas masks and respirators, filters in compressed air and many other applications.

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The biggest application of activated carbon is in the purification of water and potable water treatment. It is used in a variety of water treatment industries, from municipal water supply treatment, wastewater treatment, swimming pools, aquariums and even home filtration systems.  Air Purification: Activated carbon is used to control potentially harmful, environmentally damaging or unpleasant odors in a number of environments, including homes, manufacturing facilities and in operating rooms.  Food & Beverage: The Food & Beverage industry uses activation as part of various processes, such as the decolorization of sugar, purify organic compounds, chlorine removal, decaffeination and many other practices.  Industrial: Activated carbon is used as a catalyst for many industrial applications, gas processing, gas storage and delivery, gold recovery, pharmaceutical purification and many other practices.  Medical: Activated carbon can be found in almost every hospital, clinic or doctor’s office in the world. It is used to as a poison treatment, odor control, filtration, respiration masks and wound dressing just to name a few applications.

17. Natural graphite
Natural graphite

18. Structure
Graphite has a layered, planar structure. In each layer, the carbon atoms are arranged in a honeycomb lattice with separation of 0.142 nm, and the distance between planes is 0.335 nm.[8] The two known forms of graphite, alpha (hexagonal) and beta (rhombohedral), have very similar physical properties, except that the graphene layers stack slightly differently.[9] The hexagonal graphite may be either flat or buckled.[10] The alpha form can be converted to the beta form through mechanical treatment and the beta form reverts to the alpha form when it is heated above 1300 °C.[11]

19. Uses of natural graphite
Natural graphite is mostly consumed for refractories, batteries, steelmaking, expanded graphite, brake linings, foundry facings and lubricants.[7] Graphene, which occurs naturally in graphite, has unique physical properties and might be one of the strongest substances known; however, the process of separating it from graphite will require some technological development before it is economically feasible to use it in industrial processes.

20. Thank you……