1. Lew Hardy

2. The ability to resist the potentially disruptive effects of stress and produce best performances under most pressure

3.  Personality characteristics  Coping strategies  Mental skills  Brain mechanisms

4.  Appraisal  Anxiety, robustness, and resilience  Stubbornness – fight and struggle  Attributional style  Dispositional optimism  Sensitivity to threat

6. “Men are disturbed, not by things, but by the views they take of them” (Epictetus, Ancient Greek Philosopher)  Challenge  Threat  Loss

9. Spring time in in Paris

12. red

14. Catastrophising Over generalising Discounting the positive Mind reading Predicting the future /scare mongering Black and white thinking Taking things personally

15. “Pain is just weakness leaving the body” Parachute Regiment maxim

17.  Intensity of symptoms  Interpretation of symptoms  Effects of anxiety – robustness and resilience (recovery) Smith et al (2001); Hardy & Hutchinson (2007); Beattie et al (2010)

19.  Persistence in maintaining goal directed behaviour  Willingness to fight and struggle Middleton et al (2004); Bull et al (2005)

20. “Ugly runs are worth just as much as beautiful runs” Tim Boon, Head Coach, England Cricket Development Programme

21.  Reasons we give for events – e.g., success and failure  Attributional dimensions – controllability, stability, globality  Impact on emotion and behaviour  Elite performers attribute failure to controllable causes Gould et al (2002)

22.  Olympic gold medallists  Hurricane victims  Active not a passive state – opportunity to influence vs no need to do anything  Links to attributional style Gould et al (2002); Carver & Sheier (1998)

23.  “Every day is a fishing day, but not every day is a catching day” Adie Byrrell, U17 Head Coach, England Cricket Development Programme

25.  Neural networks in the brain: Activation – readiness to act Arousal – response to new stimuli Coordination – make adjustments if necessary  Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Pribram & McGuiness (1975); Gray (1970); Gray & McNaughton (2000)

26. Mental Toughness Low Hi High Reward Sensitivity Low Reward Sensitivity Punishment Sensitivity

27.  Active Coping  Planning  Suppress competing activities  Vent or control emotions  Social support: advice and emotional  Positive reinterpretation and growth  Acceptance  Denial  Disengagement: behaviourally or mentally

28.  Problem focused Coping – active coping, planning, suppress competing responses  Emotional focused coping – venting/controlling emotions, social support  Re-appraisal – positive reinterpretation, acceptance  Avoidance – denial, behavioural, mental  Gender differences  Range of strategies

29. Demands SupportsConstraints

30. See all the Choices

31.  Punishment conditioned stimuli  Practice  Coping skills  Inspirational delivery

32. Everything is good for you if it doesn’t kill you

33.  What we think influences what we do and who we are: appraisal, interpretation, and attributions  Mental Toughness is not always pretty  See danger early, find choices and positives later  Wide range of well-rehearsed coping strategies

34. Every threat and loss is an opportunity