2.  Pictorialism, 1850’s-1940’s: Was one of the first movements that sought to create artwork through the medium of photography. Used soft focus lenses and made with handmade prints that made them look like drawings. Featured people in costume and romanticized ideas about life and people representing myths and historical subjects.

3.  Straight photography, 1800’s-1930’s: reaction to pictorialism. Photographers like Fredrick Evans and Eugene Atget gave inspiration to Modern photographers like Alfred Steiglitz 1910-1920.

4.  Modernists felt photography itself was art and it did not need to look like drawing and painting. Took photography one step further focusing on Principles of Design making beautiful and emotional images.  The group f/64 started in 1932 by Edward Weston, Ansel Adams, Imogen Cunningham, and Willard Van Dyke were the most influential in Straight photography! Group started on West coast and often used the western landscape.  Used wide value/tonal ranges, unmanipulated prints, and maximum sharpness. Defined fine art photography for the 20 th Century and much of modern Art!

5.  The late 1920s and early 1930s were a time of substantial social and economic unrest in the United States, through the Great Depression, and people were seeking some respite from their everyday hardships.  The American West was seen as the base for future economic recovery because of massive public works projects like the Hoover Dam. The public sought out news and images of the West because it represented a land of hope in an otherwise bleak time.  They were increasingly attracted to the work of such photographers as Ansel Adams, whose strikingly detailed photographs of the American West were seen as "pictorial testimony…of inspiration and redemptive power."

6.  Which principles of Design are apparent in these photographs?  Unity  Rhythm/Movement  Pattern  Emphasis  Contrast/variety  Balance  Scale/proportion

7.  (April 12, 1883 – June 24, 1976)  was an American photographer known for her botanical photography, nudes, and industrial landscapes.  One of the first famous female photographs and influential artists.

8. “Which of my photographs is my favorite? The one I'm going to take tomorrow.”

9.  He has been called "one of the most innovative and influential American photographers…" and "one of the masters of 20th century photography.“  Over the course of his 40 year career Weston photographed an increasingly expansive set of subjects, including landscapes, still lifes, nudes, portraits, genre scenes and even whimsical parodies. It is said that he developed a "quintessentially American, and specially Californian, approach to modern photography"[3] because of his focus on the people and places of the American West.

11.  (February 20, 1902 – April 22, 1984)  was an American photographer and environmentalist. His black-and-white landscape photographs of the American West, especially Yosemite National Park, have been widely reproduced on calendars, posters, and in books.  With Fred Archer, Adams developed the Zone System as a way to determine proper exposure and adjust the contrast of the final print. The resulting clarity and depth characterized his photographs. Adams primarily used large-format cameras because their high resolution helped ensure sharpness in his images.

14.  Alfred Stieglitz introduced America to such artists as Cezanne, Matisse, and Picasso. He almost single- handedly pioneered photography as a form of art.  Married to Georgia O’Keefe, he ran a very important modern Art gallery called Gallery 291.