3.  Why would scientists want to classify living things? Organisms are classified in order to easily identify and distinguish one species from another, and to study the relationships ad how they fit in the natural world. Come up with a list of species you know.

4.  Amphibians  reptiles  Birds  Mammals Taxonomists are biologists who specialize in classification.

5.  Pick 2 different species and list differences  Pick 2 different species and list similarities.

6. Scientists divide living things into 5 large groups called KINGDOMS Kingdoms Plant AnimalfungusProtist Moneran Algae amoeba bacteria Mushrooms Yeast Mold mildew

7.  You will be creating a Thinglink Presentation on your iPads for the 5 different kingdoms

8.  Each Kingdom is divided into smaller groupings Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Variety

9. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia (mammal) Order: Carnivora (eats meat) Family: Canidae (a group with doglike characteristics Genus: Canis (a coyote, wolf, or dog) Species: Familiaris (a domestic dog) Variety: Yellow Lab Scientists use special names made up of Latin words, which helps scientists around the world understand each other and ensure that they are using the same names.

10.  Carl Linnaeus I believe that all living things can be classified into one of two kingdoms; plants and animals. In my Linnaeun system, organisms that produce their own food and don’t move are plants, and animals that move and don’t produce food are classified as animals. Right?

11. As scientific knowledge advanced, so did the ability to more accurately classify organisms. Some organisms didn’t seem to fall into either kingdom or combined features of the two original kingdoms Mushrooms do not move and cannot make their own food…they take in nutrients from dead animals and plants

12. Bacteria Once viewed under a microscope, was found to be single celled and showed traits for both plant and animal. Some bacteria can make their own food Plant Some bacteria can move Animal

13.  Came about in the last decades of the 20 th Century  Morphological (shape and body)evidence was and is used to classify organisms  Now we can even use DNA to classify DNA is leading scientists to even question the 5 kingdoms…it is showing how much all organisms have in common. Complete Page 65: Intro to Hierarchical Classification

14. Animal Animalia Plant Plantae Fungus Fungi Protist Protista Moneran Prokaryotes Multicellular animals All Plants Except algae Mushrooms Yeasts Mold Mildew Some molds Protozoa Multicellular algae Slime molds Diatoms Unicellular without a nucleus Bacteria Blue-green algae Complete Page 66: The Five Kingdoms

15.  Broke into 2 types: Animals with a backbone Animals without a backbone

16. MammalsBirdsReptilesFishAmphibians warm blooded have hair produce milk for their young give live birth. warm blooded have hollow bones lay eggs have Feathers cold blooded breath with lungs lay eggs Have dry, scaly skin cold blooded breath with gills lay eggs cold blooded breath with both lungs and gills have moist skin (no scales) lay eggs. Can you think of characteristics that could divide these vertebrates into smaller groups?

17. Sponges no body opening live in water Stinging cells one body opening, have tentacles with stinging cells and live in water Worms two body openings, and a simple nervous system. Mollusks soft bodies, and three body parts (a head, a body, and a foot) Enchinodermata external skeletons made of lime, bodies arranged in Five parts and bodies covered in spikes or spines Anthropods have legs with several joints, more than one body section and an exoskeleton (hard body covering) More than 80,000 species Largest subgroup Make up 97% of all species

18. KingdomMoneraProtistaFungiPlantaeAnimaliaMolluscaNematodaArthropodaChordataUrochordataCephalachordataVertebrataGnathaChondrichthyesAmphibiaMammaliaReptiliaAves Phyla Subphyla Class Kingdom---Phylum---Class---Order---Family---Genus---Species

19. Phylum Chordata (has a spinal cord) Consist of 5 classes: Birds Mammals Amphibian Fish Reptiles Can you think of a way to break these groups down? What are some similarities and Differences?

20. Amphibians Cold Blooded“living 2 lives”Lay eggsGills/lungsNo scales Fish Cold blooded Obtain oxygen from gills Scales reptiles Cold blooded Most have scaly skin Most lay eggs Have lungs Birds Warm Blooded Have feathers and wings Bipedal (2 legs)Hollow bonesOnly lay eggs Mammals Warm Blooded Only animals with hair/fur Lungs Young are nourished by inside female

21.  Chordate Phylum: All the animals which have a backbone. Includes: Fish, Reptiles, Birds, Amphibians, and Mammals.  Arthropod Phylum: All the "jointed legged" animals. All of these animals have an exoskeleton, meaning the skeleton is on the outside of the body. Include: Insects, Arachnids, and Crustaceans.  Mollusk Phylum: Soft-bodied animals that sometimes have a hard shell. Includes: Snails, Slugs, Octopus, Squid, Clams, Oysters, and Mussels.  Annelid Phylum: Segmented worms. Includes: Earthworms and Leeches.  Rotifer Phylum: Tiny, microscopic animals with a wheel-shaped mouth and tiny hairs.  Nematode Phylum: Very tiny worms with no segments in their bodies. Also called Roundworms.  Tardigrade Phylum: Tiny, slow-moving animals with four body segments and eight legs. Includes Water Bears.  Cnidarian Phylum: Soft-bodied, jelly-like animals with tentacles and venom glands. Includes: Hydra, Jellyfish, Anemones, and Coral.  Echinoderm Phylum: Often spiny animals, with several "arms" reaching out from the center of its body. Includes: Starfish and Sea Urchins.  Platyhelminthes Phylum: Soft, flat-bodied worms. Includes: Planarians and Tapeworms. There are over 30 different categories Here are a few: Kingdom---Phylum---Class---Order---Family---Genus---Species Describes organisms body types

22. Kingdom---Phylum---Class---Order---Family---Genus---Species  Check out this site: www.Anthro.palomar.edu/animal/animal_4.htm Describes common attributes: mammalia reptilia Aves Amphibia

23.  Consists of organisms that comprised of families sharing a set of similar nature or character.  Primates  Carnivora  Insectivora Kingdom---Phylum---Class---Order---Family---Genus---Species

24.  More precise classification than order, but less precise than genus species  Evolved from same ancestors  i.e, wolves and dogs would be in the same family  Humans and apes would be in the same family Kingdom---Phylum---Class---Order---Family---Genus---Species

25.  Genus and Species are given together to name a species, this is called Binomial nomenclature Nomenclature = system of names + Binomial = two names Homo (genus) Sapiens (species) = Man Knowing/wise Canis Familiaris = House cat

26.  The number of identified animals = 1.5 million  1 million are insects!  40,000 are vertebrates  There may be as many as 9.6 million other species not yet identified.  Species can be created as they are interbred, creating different characteristics from the parents….this can only be done if they belong in the same species. Dalmatians were originally bred to be coach dogs Dachshunds were originally bred to chase badgers into their burrows!

27.  Usually descriptive about the organism  Species= usually reflects a characteristic or activity ◦ Punctor (punctures your skin) excruians (it causes excruciating pain)  Species can also be named after the discoverer ◦ Rhea dawinii…ostrichlike bird named after Charles Darwin

28.  Humans have created a new subspecies, varieties, of organisms ◦ For better appearance ◦ Larger ◦ Tastier ◦ More disease resistant Look up a hybrid fruit or vegetable

29.  Classification helps to sort and understand more about living things  Classifying starts off with broad similarities, such as the Animal Kingdom, but then gets broke down to smaller more specific categories, such as genus species  Classification of living things has been a work in progress since Linnaeus began sorting and categorizing animals in the 1700’s.  As science and technology becomes more advance, more discoveries are able to be made.  There is believed to be many more living things that have not been made or classified yet…so keep your eyes out!

30.  Go to this site: http://www.itis.gov/ Complete Master 67ab worksheets Using your completed chart, give a summary about the animal using it’s classification.