1. Chapter 4- Breathing Emergencies PERIOD 5- MR. HAMILL

2. Background  Child vs. Adult airway much smaller  Breathing Stops=Heart will soon stop beating  4-6 minutes Brain Cells begin to die  6-10 minutes Brain Damage Likely  Over 10 minutes irreversible brain damage

3. Respiratory Distress and Respiratory Arrest  Distress= Difficulty Breathing  Arrest= Breathing has stopped completely  Distress can lead to Arrest

4. Causes  Choking (partially or completely obstructed airway)  Illness  Chronic Conditions  Electrocution  Irregular Heartbeat  Heart Attack  Serious injury  Drug Overdose  Drowning  Emotional Distress

5. Asthma  The inflammation of the air passages that results in temporary narrowing of the airways that carry oxygen  Triggered by exercise, cold air, allergens, other irritants  22.2 million people affected  3 rd cause of hospitalization for younger individuals

6. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease  COPD encompasses both bronchitis and emphysema-Long term long damage  The alveoli (lung sacs) become damaged  Smoking #1 cause  Other pollutants

7. COPD Symptoms  Coughing up a large volume of mucus  Tendency to tire easily  Fast pulse  Round, barrel-shaped chest

8. Hyperventilation  Person’s breathing is shallow and much faster  Feeling of “Can’t Breathe”  Occurs from fear and anxiety  Can happen for head injuries, severe bleeding, heart failure, lung disease, asthma  Body’s way of compensating for lack of oxygen

9. Allergic Reactions  Allergic reaction- Immune System’s response to a foreign substance  Common allergens include: dust, animals, foods, medications  Can cause breathing problems: tightness of chest, rash, swelling  Anaphylaxis (anaphylaxis shock)- air passages swell and restrict breathing  Epi-Pen or Antihistamine

10. Putting it together and Recognizing Emergencies  Trouble breathing or no breathing  Slow or Rapid breathing  Gasping for air  Wheezing, gurgling, or making high pitched noises  Looking for changes in breathing (bad or good)  No changes or severe distress call 9-1-1

11. Until Help Arrives…  Help the person rest in a comfortable position (i.e. Sitting)  If conscious check for other conditions  Yes or No questions (limit talking)  Reassurance (hyperventilation)  No breathing=CPR!!!

12. CHOKING  Caused by swelling, food, and bodily fluids  Common injury and death cause in children younger than 5  Children do not master eating till age of 4, soft small pieces of food  Keep small objects away

13. AND NOW TO THE VIDEO………

14. QUIZ  Question 1:  After how many minutes is brain damage irreversible?

15. Question 2  2. What is the difference between breathing distress and breathing arrest?

16. Question 3  3. The most common cause of developing COPD is what?

17. Question 4  4. A type of allergic reaction where breathing airways become swollen and make breathing difficult or impossible.

18. Question 5  5. How many back blows are to be given when trying to dislodge food?