1. The Conservative Resurgence

2. Reagan Wins Presidency Rise of the “New Right,” “Moral Majority,” and Fundamentalist Christianity  Opposed: Roe v. Wade and Engel v. Vitale Rustbelt – north predominantly liberal, moving to the south and suburbs= conservative Carter was known for stagflation, Iranian Hostage Crisis  Reagan wins 1980 election- 50.6 % of popular vote, but 489 electoral votes (carter got 49)

3. Reaganomics Supply-side economics  Reduce taxes- people will have more money to spend, causing economy to grow  To make it work you also have to reduce government spending so the government doesn’t go into debt Economic Recovery Act of 1981  Reduce taxes 25% over 3 years- wealthy received the highest tax cuts  Cut 40 billion dollars from the budget mainly by cutting spending for social programs

4. Reaganomics Effects  1980-1982: Recession, unemployment 10% in 1982  Paul Volcker- during the 70s head of the federal reserve  Early 1983- economy begins to grow and inflation will fall  Inflation fell 13.5% to 3.2%  Unemployment went from 10.8% to 5.3%  Throughout the rest of his presidency economy continues on this path Immigration- good economy=more immigration  7.3 million legal immigrants and hundreds of thousand of illegal immigrants  Low paying jobs, struggled

5. Foreign Affairs Iran-Iraq war  Reagan used the navy to escort oil tankers in and out of the Persian Gulf- to keep oil prices down Anti-Communist affairs  Mujahedeen- Afghani fighters against Soviet Union  Contras- Nicaragua, fighting pro-communist Sandinista government  El Salvador- supported right wing government fighting leftist rebels  Grenada- US Invaded, in order to keep pro-communist Cuba out  Human Rights activists- against involvement, many of these governments we supported did break human rights ideals Effect of the growth of military on the economy?  Budget deficit

7. Domestic Affairs Reelected in 1984- democrats kept control of house of representatives Supreme Court  Sandra Day O’Connor (r. 2006), Antonin Scalia(d. feb. 13 th, 2016), Anthony Kennedy (still on supreme court)  Equal Access Act- Board of Education of Westside Community Schools v. Mergens Election of 1988  Reagan supported Bush- promised to not raise taxes  Democrats won both houses

8. Domestic Affairs PATCO- Air traffic control strike- Reagan fired them, federal employees not allowed to strike Social Security- a lot of old people, raised the minimum retirement age and increased taxes Education- standardized tests “showed” schools were “failing”  Vouchers AIDS- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome  HIV- Human Immunodeficiency Virus  No cure, by 1994 killed more then 250,000 Americans  HW Bush- research funding, today it can be “managed”

9. Ending The Cold War Gorbachev- Soviet President 1985-1991  Glasnost= new openness, Perestroika= reforming soviet system of economy  Economy was awful!!!!  Met with Reagan 4 times between 1985-1989- Reagan was building up arms, SU could not compete  Reagan gives speech to Moscow students about benefit of free enterprise  START I treaty- reduce nuclear weapons 3 years from Reagan’s speech-  Berlin Wall cam down  Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary had democratic elections  Soviet Union Disintegrated- 15 independent republics

10. Foreign Policy After Cold War Latin America  Fall of SU effect on Latin America?  War on Drugs  Eduardo Martinez Romero- Columbian Drug Cartel  Panama’s Dictator- Manuel Noriega, 12,000 troops sent in to arrest him convicted to 40 years China  Tiananmen Square- 1989- Chinese tanks came in and took over killing hundreds South Africa  Apartheid- economic sanctions from US  Nelson Mandela- released in 1990, first free elections 1994

11. Foreign Policy After Cold War Peacekeeping missions  Yugoslavia- Bosnia, 150,000 civilians died before US involvement  Somalia- cease fire between warlords and food to starving people Persian “Gulf War”  Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait (oil)  Control 20% of oil produced in the world  Saudi Arabia could be next  Operation Desert Storm  700,000 UN troops in Saudi Arabia- 500,000 Americans  Jan 16, 1991- February 23, 1991- 25,000 Iraqi Soldiers dead 148 Americans  Liberated Kuwait, but would not invade Iraq- Hussein remains in power  Bush: “We’ve kicked the Vietnam syndrome once and for all.”