1. Naming Alkenes and Alkynes 1. The C-chain MUST include the multiple bond. Use –ene or –yne, as appropriate. 2. Number so that you get to the multiple bond ASAP. -- The multiple bond takes precedence over branching or substituents. 3. Use di- or tri- right before –ene or –yne if you have two or three multiple bonds. Polyunsaturated fats and oils contain double and/or triple bonds.

2. Provide each counterpart. 1-butyne 2-butyne (C 4 H 6 ) (C 4 H 6 ) 7-methyl-2,4-nonadiene (C 10 H 18 )

3. 7-fluoro-6-methyl-3-octyne Cl 3,3,4-trichlorocyclohexene F (C 6 H 7 Cl 3 ) (C 9 H 15 F)

4. 4. For geometric isomers (different spatial arrangements of atoms), use cis- (same) or trans- (opposite). Geometric isomerism is possible only with… alkenes. Cl CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 C=C Cl CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 C=C hexene3-3,4-dichloro-trans- hexene3-3,4-dichloro-cis-

5. Benzene, Phenol, and Toluene These are the “Big Three” aromatic compounds. (“FEE nahl” or “fn AHL”) benzenephenoltoluene For phenols and toluenes, the C to which the –OH or –CH 3 is attached is carbon #1. CH 3 OH (C 6 H 6 ) (C 6 H 5 CH 3 )(C 6 H 5 OH)

6. Provide each counterpart. bromobenzene ethylbenzene 2-propylphenol Br OH (C 6 H 5 Br) (C 8 H 10 ) (C 9 H 12 O)

7. CH 3 I I 3,4-diiodotoluene OH NH 2 H2NH2N 2,6-diaminophenol CH 3 NO 2 O2NO2N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene

8. ortho- para- dichlorobenzene meta- 1,2-dichlorobenzene Cl –Cl Cl –Cl 1,3-dichlorobenzene Cl 1,4-dichlorobenzene For this class, if a benzene ring is connected to an interior C atom in a hydrocarbon chain, it is called a phenyl (“FENN uhl”) group. It looks like THIS and has the formula… –C 6 H 5.

9. Provide each counterpart. 2-bromo-2-chloro-3-phenylpentane 3-nitro-2,4-diphenylhexane 3-amino-3-phenyl- ClBr NH 2 NO 2 1,1-dibromo-3-phenyl Br 1-butene cyclopentane