1. A Scientist with a Three Sisters Garden: (Organic vs Non-Organic) Nichole Lee Ms. Christine Rosser

2. Learning Objectives: Three-Sisters Garden Structure and processes by which flowering plants generate pollen, ovules, seeds and fruit Organic vs. Non-Organic produce How to plant a Three-Sisters Garden

3. Do you know these 3 sisters?

4. Tell you a Story Corn, Beans and Squash Three inseparable sisters that GROW and THRIVE together

5. Native Americans Passed down knowledge to many generations Growing, Using, and Preserving Planting season is celebrated with rituals: – Believe that Corn, Beans, and Squash are gifts from the “Great Spirits” Modern day saying (My Dad): “I can make good fish for you everyday and feed you or I can teach you to fish and know that you will have food for a life-time, even if I pass”

6. Corn The oldest sister grows first, tall reaching for the sun like any other big sister would Makes room for other sisters to grow and lean on, “I’ll be there for you”!(Natural Pole) Provides more calories and energy per acre of land than any other produce

7. Beans Middle sister Provide Nitrogen to the roots of Corn Needed in order to grow Bean vines- grow tall making sure Corn doesn’t blow over in the wind, (withstand tough times together)

8. Squash  Baby Sister  Shades the growing weeds  Big leaves, keep moisture in-case of Dry Weather  Thorns to keep predators away

9. Nutrition from 3 Sisters Provides all Necessary Nutrition to live!!! AMAZING!!! Corn: Carbohydrates Beans: Rich in Protein --balancing lack of amino acids not found in Corn Squash: Vitamins from the Fruit --Oil, from seeds

10. Three Sisters Garden

11. Organic vs. Non-Organic Is there a difference? What does it mean when people say Organic vs. Non-Organic when they are talking about produce (fruits and vegetables) What should you look for when buying fresh fruits and vegetables?

12. Organic Organic agriculture refers to: farming that promote and enhance biodiversity(what does that mean?) biological (natural) cycles and soil biology activity according to the USDA National Organics Standard Board(governing body) This means soil management, crop rotation and fertilization techniques are: free of chemically manufactured products

13. Most people associate the word "organic" with fruit that is free of pesticides and chemicals, however this is not entirely true Regulations require: there only be minimal amounts of pesticides and chemicals in the produce Generally lower than their non-organic counterparts but organic fruit may contain traces of pesticides or chemicals used for biological control Organic Associations

14. Non-Organic Is the exact opposite of Organic: use of hormones antibiotics (for non-medicinal purposes), synthetic fertilizers or pesticides in accordance with the USDA National Organic Program (NOP). The use of the term is regulated by the NOP and only those products that meet the standards may use the term. Therefore all other products would be non organic. The items they use to grow fruits and vegetables can be toxins to the body.

15. Look at the fruits in front of you: Can you tell which one is organic or non-organic or from a local grower (farmer’s market)? The STICKER will tell you…but you must first learn how to read it. If there isn’t a sticker it most likely came from a local grower at the outside market. Although they seem like a nuisance, the stickers or labels attached to fruit and some vegetables have more of a function than helping scan the price at the checkout stand.

16. Price Look-up Code (PLU code) The PLU code (or price lookup number printed on the sticker), also tells you how the fruit was grown. By reading the PLU code, you can tell if the fruit was genetically modified, organically grown or produced with chemical fertilizers, fungicides, or herbicides.

17. Price look-up Code (PLU code) What is a PLU-Code?: identification numbers (stickers) on produce in grocery stores and supermarkets to make check-out and inventory: easier, faster, and more accurate What else does the PLU-Code tell you?: Let’s take a closer look on the next slide

18. PLU Code Numbers (Sticker) and what they mean 4 Numbers: grown conventionally or “traditionally” with the use of pesticides 5 Numbers: Starts with “8″, genetically modified fruit or vegetable Starts with “9″, grown organically and is NOT genetically modified LAST FOUR Numbers: The last four letters of the PLU code are simply what kind of vegetable or fruit e.g. all bananas are 4011 * Sticker is non-edible (DO NOT EAT)

19. Use of Fresh Organic Produce in Research: Subjects: Animal-model (rats) and feed them a healthy diet everyday Procedure: Draw blood and analyze it in a machine Results: Make a data table to observe what was going on. Question: What if you want to know about the effects of diet (with fresh organic produce) on the immune system? Step 1 Step 2Step 3Step 4

20. Now let’s look at how to plant: The THREE SISTERS GARDEN!

21. How to plant garden

22. Benefits of planting your own garden: 1. Organic 2. Less toxins introduced to your body that can possibly cause sickness or disease 3. Save money and time 4. Have food for a life-time

23. Answer Questions together?