1. Anti-rheumatics
Guggul
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2. Recap In the last class we learnt about
The monograph of the Antitussive drug
TULSI
The active constituents is Volatile oil
Tulsi is having a variety of activities apart from
Antitussive activity
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3. OBJECTIVES On completion of this period you would be able to
learn about
The monograph of Anti-rheumatic drug
GUGGUL
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4. ANTIRHEUMATICS - DEFINITION
Drugs used for the treatment of rheumatism
Rheumatism is characterized by
increased level of Uric acid in the blood,
recurrent attacks of inflammation of joints
due to deposition of monosodium urate crystals
in the cartilage and tendons
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5. SYMPTOMS OF RHEUMATISM
Spontaneous pain, often severe but lasting for a few days
The pain may be precipitated by injury, unaccustomed exercise or application of pressure to the region
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6. GUGGUL Syn. : Indian bdellium tree, Scented bdellium, Gum Guggul
Biological Source:
Oleo gum resin from the bark of
Commiphora mukul
Family: Burseraceae
Geographical Source:
India, Arabia, Bangladesh and Pakistan
In India it grows in Rajasthan, Hyderabad, Madhya Pradesh, Assam and Karnataka
Fig.41.1 Guggul tree
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7. CULTIVATION AND COLLECTION
2-3 m tree with woody, spine scent branches
Tree grows well in sandy loam soil with gypsum content and pH
Propagated both by seeds and stem cuttings
Oleo gum resin is collected from at least 5 yr. plants by making deep circular incisions
Each plant yields ½ to 1 kg of Guggul
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8. MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
RESIN
Occurs as vermicular Rounded masses or Tears.
Nearly transparent
Moist & viscid when fresh
Burns in fire and melts in sun
Fig.41.2 Guggul tree
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9. MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
RESIN
Colour : Golden, pale yellow, brown or dull brown
Odour : Fragrant and balsamic
Taste : Bitter and aromatic
Solubility : Partly soluble in alcohol and in hot ethyl
acetate
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10. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
It is classified as a Oleo-gum-resin
Resin (58%) contains Steriods
Guggulosterols I, II and III
and Guggulosterones Z and E
Gum contains
Pentosan, Pentoses and Furfural
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11. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
Essential Oil (15%) contains19 components.
Myrecene, Dimyrecene
Polymyrecene, Caryophyllene
Other Constituents:
Sesamine, Lignan derivatives, Cholesterol,
β-sitosterol, foreign impurities 4-6%
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12. USES Guggul is having a variety of activities
Used in Osteoarthritis, Frozen shoulders, Sciatica, Atherosclerosis, Hemiplegia, Infective Hepatitis & Dental infections
Significant Anti-inflammatory, Diuretic, Anti-hypertensive, Anti-rheumatic, Stomachic, Hypocholestremic, Hypolipidemic and Anti-fertility activity.
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13. USES Used as Astringent, Carminative, Expectorant, Diaphoretic
Prophylaxis in heart attacks and strokes
Used in Neurological disorders, Hay fever, Anaemia, Syphilis, Thyroid disorders, Anitspasmodic
Used in Essence sticks
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14. INDIGENOUS PREPARATIONS
Guggulipid (in heart disease, gout & spondilytis)
Septilin (various infections)
Billiarin (in infective hepatitis)
Arogyawardhini (Acute viral infections etc.,)
Guglip (Hypocholesteremic & hypolipidemic)
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15. Adulterated with resins of various Commiphora species like
ADULTERANTS
Adulterated with resins of various Commiphora species like
Commiphora abyssinica
Commiphora roxburghii
Commiphora molmol
Boswellia serrata
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16. In this class we learnt about
SUMMARY
In this class we learnt about
The monograph of the Anti-rheumatic drug GUGGUL
Guggul contains oleo-gum resin containing steroids and essential oils
Can be used for variety of purposes apart from anti-rheumatic activity
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17. QUIZ 1. The active constituents in Guggul are present in
a) Oleo-gum resin
b) Tannins
c) Saponins
d) None of the above
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18. QUIZ 2. Rheumatism is due to accumulation of the
following compound in the joints
a) Acetic acid
b) Pyruvic acid
c) Uric acid
d) None of the above
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19. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Define Anti-rheumatic drugs. Mention the Botanical sources of two drugs
Write the Botanical Source and Macroscopy of Guggul
Write the Chemical constituents and Uses of Guggul
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