1. Section 1: Taking in and Storing Information

2.   Memory- the storage and retrieval of what has been learned or experienced  3 memory processes  Encoding- the transforming of information so the nervous system can process it  Ex. Saying something you are trying to remember out loud  Storage- process by which information is maintained over a period of time  How much info is stored depends on how much effort was put into decoding it The Processes of Memory

3.   Retrieval- occurs when information is brought to mind from storage  Ease of which depends on how efficiently it was encoded and stored The Processes of Memory

4.   Sensory memory- the senses (ex. Sight and hearing) are able to hold an input for a fraction of a second before it disappears  Serves 3 functions:  Prevents you from being overwhelmed by not storing everything  Gives you decision time- should I remember/pay attention to this?  Allows for continuity and stability Three Stages of Memory

5.   Short-Term Memory- memory that is limited in capacity to about 7 items and in duration by the subjects active rehearsal  Not necessarily paying close attention  Includes things you have in your conscious mind at any one moment Three Stages of Memory

6.   Maintenance rehearsal- a system for remembering that involves repeating information to oneself without attempting to find meaning in it  Short term memory only lasts 20 seconds without rehearsal  Chunking- grouping items to make them easier to remember  Ex. Telephone, social security numbers Short-Term Memory

9.   Primacy-Recency Effect- you are more likely to remember the first and last parts of a list

10.   Long-term memory refers to the storage of information over extended period of time  Capacity appears to be limitless Long-Term Memory

11.   Semantic memory- knowledge of language, including its rules, words, and meanings  Episodic memory- memory of one’s life, including time occurance  Declarative memory- memory of knowledge that can be called forth consciously as needed  Procedural memory-memory of learned skills that does not require conscious recollection  Ex. Driving a car Types of Long-Term Memory