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This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Worobey LA, Udofa IA, Lin Y, Koontz AM, Farrokhi SS, Boninger ML. Reliability of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound to measure scapular rotations. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2014;51(6):985–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0006 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0006JSP Reliability of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound to measure scapular rotations Lynn A. Worobey, PhD; Ima A. Udofa, BS; Yen-Sheng Lin, PhD; Alicia M. Koontz, PhD; Shawn S. Farrokhi, DPT, PhD; Michael L. Boninger, MD
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This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Worobey LA, Udofa IA, Lin Y, Koontz AM, Farrokhi SS, Boninger ML. Reliability of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound to measure scapular rotations. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2014;51(6):985–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0006 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0006JSP Aim – Evaluate reliability of using freehand 3D ultrasound to measure scapular rotations (internal/external, upward/downward, anterior/posterior). Relevance – Freehand ultrasound pairs 2D ultrasound with motion capture to create 3D data set. Involves no radiation. Is comparatively low cost. Allows for direct visualization of bone.
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This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Worobey LA, Udofa IA, Lin Y, Koontz AM, Farrokhi SS, Boninger ML. Reliability of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound to measure scapular rotations. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2014;51(6):985–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0006 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0006JSP Method Scapular position in 22 healthy, nondisabled individuals was imaged 3 times in 4 testing positions: – Arm at rest. – Humeral elevation: sagittal plane. – Humeral elevation: frontal plane. – Humeral elevation: scapular plane. Ultrasound probe fitted with custom orthogonal attachment and Vicon markers.
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This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Worobey LA, Udofa IA, Lin Y, Koontz AM, Farrokhi SS, Boninger ML. Reliability of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound to measure scapular rotations. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2014;51(6):985–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0006 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0006JSP Results Substantial reliability across scanning positions and scapular rotations: – Intraclass correlation coefficients: 0.62 to 0.95. – Highest reliability for rest position. – Standard error of measurement <2 for all measurements and <0.5 for most. – Minimum detectable change: 0.37 to 3.08 . Our results agree with pattern of movement found in other studies: – Scapula moving toward more externally rotated, upwardly rotated, and posteriorly tilted position with humeral elevation.
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This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: Worobey LA, Udofa IA, Lin Y, Koontz AM, Farrokhi SS, Boninger ML. Reliability of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound to measure scapular rotations. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2014;51(6):985–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0006 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2014.01.0006JSP Conclusion Further study is warranted to: – Compare our methods to a gold standard. – Apply them to evaluation of dynamic movement. – Determine whether they can be used to detect shoulder pathology.
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