1. The Guinea Coast A Presentation by: Lisa Rickert, Jennifer Angelacos, Minh Nguyen, David Reinert, Erin Evans-Fudem, Carrie Guilfoyle, Christina Kado, Jeff Nelson, Bjorn Snider, Adam McKinley, Ryan Kaplan

2. MAP

3. Guinea Coast F Political and economic woes. F Uses ancient and traditional music as a way to pass on oral traditions and histories. F Trans-Atlantic Slave trade. F Flourishing of Guinea Black kingdoms.

4. Instruments F Talking Drums - Imitates speech and sends messages. F By putting pressure on middle of drum, the musician reproduces notes that correspond to the words that he is transmitting.

5. Instruments F Doundouns - set of three cylindrical drums of different sizes carved of wood. F Can be played vertically or horizontally with a stick. F Doundounba, Sangban, and Kenkini.

6. Instruments F Balafon - ancestor of the xylophone. F Wood bars on wooden frame. Under each bar is a calabash used as a resonator. F Each gourd is pierced with holes which vibrates with each note played. F Gourds and bars are tuned to each other.

7. Instruments F Boloye - is made of a long wooden neck tied to a big gourd. F The musician pinches the string with his right hand fingers or strums with a small piece of wood, giving a bass sound, while he hits the gourd with his left hand usually wearing a ring. F Used in Senufo in Northern Ivory Coast.

8. Instruments F Shekeres - Gourd with beads tied around it. F When moving the gourd, the beads slide and make a shaking, rattling type of sound.

9. Instruments F Alghaita - double reed, similar to the oboe. F Wooden body, metal tubing with four holes. F The Hausa in Nigeria play this instrument.

10. Traditional Music F Performances of traditional music are used in many tribes for social reasons. F Some of these events are weddings, naming ceremonies, and royal processions. F Also for private occasions: lullabies, play songs, or work songs. F Children are taught at a young age to play music.

11. Traditional Musical Form

12. Traditional Music Samples F Play Dogumbo Song (“Sandema”) From CD: Ghana Ancient Ceremonies Song and Dance Music

13. Contemporary Forms and Western Influences F West African musical traditions holds strong to oral traditions and culture. F Countries have gained independence, many have grappled with the problem of revitalizing indigenous ways while engaging the changing outside world. F 1960’s - Re-Africanization of music F Melting pot of styles and practices.

14. Highlife Music F Dance music played primarily in Ghana and Nigeria. F Blend of different music and style. F King of Highlife, trumpeter and band leader, E.T. Mensah. F Sonny Okosun added reggae to the mix of Highlife, coming up with Ozzidi. F Father of other kinds of music: Afropop and Juju, Apala, Fuji, etc. F Revival of Highlife.

15. Other styles of Contemporary Music F Afro Rock F Fuji F Juju

16. Contemporary Music: Fela Kuti F Fela Kuti (1938-1997), F Inventor of Afrobeat. F Music dominated by political events in the Nigerian government. F M.O.P. “Movement of the People. F Developed fusion of Highlife (contemporary) and ancient traditional music.

17. Fela Kuti F Coffin for Head of State F Unknown Soldier Both from CD: Coffin for Head of State

18. Nigeria F Danjuma Adamu F Song: “Bad Company” F Song from Afro Bush Jazz Highlife Funk

19. Ivory Coast: Alpha Blondy F African backbeat with Western instrumentation. F Unique style of reggae with rock n roll influences. F Song from Alpha Blondy Mix.

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