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Graphic Organizer: "Napoleon"
(Graphic organizer version)
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Background 1.) Born on Corsica; went to military college
2.) Out of the country during much of the revolution 3.) Famous general a. had saved the Directory from a mob b. was a war hero
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Rise to power Keyword = Coup Coup d' etat - an overthrow of the government
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1.) Told legislature of a Jacobin plot to overthrow the gov.
2.) He asked to be “temporarily” put in power 3.) He is shouted down
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4.) Napoleon’s troops chase the legislature out of the building
5.) Napoleon’s “Consulate” replaces the Directory
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Napoleon’s Government
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Domestic Achievements
a. Restored order in government b. Improved the economy c. Built roads, canals, & bridges d. pardoned emigrant nobles (émigré) who had fled France; e. set-up a public education system f. promoted the idea of achievement based on talent not birth
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Concordat of 1801: Agreement between the Pope and Napoleon
Made Catholicism the official religion Popular with the peasants & royalists Solidified his power
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a. all men equal in law & all have the right to own property
3. Napoleonic Law Code a. all men equal in law & all have the right to own property b. removed feudal privilege
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4. Liberty and freedom a. Spoke highly of it but kept firm control over people’s lives (censorship, spies, etc…) b. Order before all else
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5. Proclaimed himself emperor in 1804
a. Crowned himself (to show that he had more power than the Church) b. Paintings & newspapers used to glorify his image
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Ceremony held at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris
NAPOLEON JOSEPHINE THE POPE
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Foreign Affairs
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Building An Empire (War)
1. He was a brilliant military tactician 2. Conquered most of the European continent 3. Placed friends & relatives on thrones throughout Europe
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Europe 1810
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Arc de Triomphe (Paris, France)
Order built by Napoleon in 1806 (finished in 1836) to glorify French victories. It was modeled after the Romans.
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The not-so-glorious side of war.
(Musee de’ L’ Armee, Paris, France)
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War with Britain 1.) Planned to invade but naval fleet was destroyed at Trafalgar 2.) The Continental System a. Plan to ruin British trade b. forbid trade w/ Britain
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War with Russia
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1.) Invaded of Russia (1812) a.) Russians burned as they retreated
b.) French ran out of supplies during the harsh winter c.) Only 40,000 of 600,000 French survived
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Side note: Have you heard this before?
“1812 Overture” – Peter Tchaikowsky Composed in 1880 to celebrate the Russian victory in 1812
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NAPOLEON DEFEATED IN RUSSIA
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HIS DOWNFALL
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The Fall of Napoleon 1.) Nationalism in conquered lands meant strong resistance to French rule 2.) Alliance of Prussia, Russia, Austria, & Britain defeats Napoleon at Leipzig, Germany (1813)
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3.) Napoleon forced to abdicate
4.) Exiled to the island of Elba
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The Hundred Days 1.) Napoleon escapes from Elba & returns to power
a.) Troops sent to capture him joined him instead
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2.) Waterloo (June 1815) a.) European alliance defeats Napoleon
b.) his final defeat c.) Napoleon made a prisoner on the island of St. Helena until he dies in 1821
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Napoleon’s Tomb at the Hôtel des Invalides in Paris
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THE END HERE’S A REVIEW La Marseillaise (French National Anthem)
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Napoleon Bonaparte
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Important Points: Came to power in a Coup d’ etat
Brought reforms & stability after the revolution Conquered much of Europe Invaded Russia (disaster)
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Defeated & exiled to Elba
Escaped & returned to power (“The Hundred Days”) Final defeat: Waterloo (1821) Died a prisoner on the island of St. Helena
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