1. Chapter 10: Chemical Quantities The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

2. Learning Target You will understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

3. The Mole Remember those contests were they would say “guess the number of jelly beans in the jar” Understanding the concept of the mole helps you answer this. understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

4. The Mole A mole is a representation of a quantity. We often use the mole to represent the mass or number of atoms in a quantity. –Sometimes the mole is abbreviated as -mol. One mole = 6.022 x 10 23 units (can also be atoms, molecules, particles, etc.) One mole = gram atomic weight of a sample understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

5. The Mole If one mole equals the two equivalences previously mentioned then we can create one large equivalence: 1 mol = 6.022 x 10 23 atoms = gram atomic weight The 1 st part can be 1 mol of ANYTHING! The 2 nd part is what we call Avogadro’s number. It can pertain to molecules, units and any other quantity name of that ANYTHING! The 3 rd part is the mass of that ANYTHING! understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

6. Visual

7. The Mole The following pictures all contain 1 mole of their substance understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

8. The Mole Remember - equivalence statements can be written as conversion factors. What conversion factors can we write based on this equivalence statement? 1 mol = 6.022 x 10 23 atoms = gram atomic weight understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

9. The Mole 1 mol 6.022 x 10 23 atoms 6.022 x 10 23 atoms1 mol 1 mol gram atomic weight 1 mol gram atomic weight gram atomic weight1 mol gram atomic weight 6.022 x 10 23 atoms 6.022 x 10 23 atoms gram atomic weight 6.022 x 10 23 atoms gram atomic weight understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

10. Problem Solving The number with a unit is the given value in the problem. Start with your given value (or put it over 1) and convert the given quantity to what the problem is asking for. Assign the respective numbers to the units as conversion factors and use multiplication and/or division to solve the problem…JUST LIKE CHAPTER 5! understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

11. Reading Guide Application – Let’s try together Use the information on your periodic table to calculate the mass of each of the following: a. 0.25 mol Al b. 0.500 mol Au Answers: a. 6.7 g Al b. 98.5 g Au understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

12. Answers – Let’s try together a. 0.25 mol Al * (26.98 g Al/1 mol Al) b. 0.500 mol Au * (196.97 g Au/1 mol Au) Answers: a. 6.7 g Al b. 98.5 g Au understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

13. Reading Guide Application – Try on your own Use the information on your periodic table to calculate the mass of each of the following: c. 5.0 mol Fe d. 25 mol S Answers: c. 280 g Fe d. 8.0 x 10 2 g S understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

14. Answers – Try on your own c. 5.0 mol Fe * (55.85 g Fe/ 1 mol Fe) d. 25 mol S * (32.07 g S/ 1 mol S) Answers: c. 280 g Fe d. 8.0 x 10 2 g S understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

15. Examples 1/2 Solve the following problems: 1. 85 g of Fe represents ? moles of Fe? 2. What is the mass of 2.56 x 10 24 molecules of Fe? 3. How many molecules are in 2.56 g of Fe? Answers: 1. 1.5 moles Fe 2. 237 g Fe 3. 2.76 x 10 22 molecules Fe understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

16. Examples 2/2 Solve the following problems: 1. How many moles are in 2.56 x 10 24 molecules of Fe? 2. How many molecules are in 2.56 moles of Fe? 3. What is the mass of 0.200 moles of Fe? Answers: 1. 4.25 moles Fe 2. 1.54 x 10 24 molecules Fe 3. 11.2 g Fe understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

17. Try on your own 1/2 Solve the following problems: 1. A certain sample of calcium carbonate contains 4.86 mol. What is the mass in grams of this sample? 2. How many moles of tetraphosphorus decoxide does a 250.0-g sample represent? 3. How many water molecules are in a 10.0- g sample of water? Answers: 1. 486 g CaCO 3 2. 0.8807 mol P 4 O 10 3. 3.34 x 10 23 water molecules understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

18. Try on your own 2/2 Solve the following problems: 1. Find the mass, in grams, of 2.65 x 10 24 molecules of Cl 2. 2. How many atoms are there in 2.00 moles of sodium? 3. How many moles are in 1.20 x 10 24 atoms of AgNO 3 ? Answers: 1. 312 g Cl 2 2. 1.20 x 10 24 Na atoms 3. 1.99 moles AgNO 3 understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.

19. Homework Pages 188-189: 14 abdg, 15 ace, 16 ace understand You will understand the concept of the mole and calculate molar mass and conversions of gram to mole, mole to particles and vice versa.