1. Volcano Weak spot in the crust where magma comes to the surface

2. Volcanoes Form under the ocean at mid-Atlantic ridge or subduction zones vpand under the ocean(more than on land)

3. Magma – forms inside a volcano – molten mixture of rock, gases and water from the mantle

4. Lava magma that forms outside a volcano turns into volcanic rock when cooled

5. Constructive Force Volcanic activity is a constructive force – adds new rock – adds new crust

6. Ring of Fire -abundance of volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean

7. Island arcs – Islands formed by a string of volcanoes – Follows the curve of an ocean trench Ex- Japan, Caribbean, New Zealand, Aleutian islands(Alaska)

8. Notice the Arc

9. Volcanologists –study volcanoes

11. Hot Spot volcanoes Hot spot-area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust like a blow torch Often lies in the middle of plates far from boundaries Gradually forms volcanic mountains Ex- ocean, Hawaiian islands in the Pacific Ex- land Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming http://geology.wwu.edu/dept/fa culty/hirschd/courses/2012/fall/ 101/lectures/media/Lecture04/ HotSpot.swf https://www.classzone.com/boo ks/earth_science/terc/content/vi sualizations/es0904/es0904page 01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization

12. Hot Spot Volcanoes Young volcanic mountains are found closer to the hot spot Older volcanic mountains are found further away from the hot spot Hot spots are found in the MIDDLE of plates The hot spots stay still while the plate moves. Connection-rock and the mid Atlantic Ridge

13. Arch Islands Found near boundaries Found near trenches