1. Volcanoes Chapter 7

8. Volcanoes Volcano is a weak spot in crust where molten material comes to the surface Magma is a molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases and water from the mantle Lava is magma that has reached the surface Solidified mantle material forms Igneous Rock

9. Crust 2 types of crust are: o Oceanic and Continental Oceanic is similar to which type of Igneous rock? o Basalt Continental is similar to which type of rock? o Granite Eruptions are related to silica content, how do these two types of rock influence eruptions?

10. Volcanoes and Plate Boundaries Volcanoes occur in belts along Tectonic Plate Boundaries o The Ring of Fire is a major belt that surrounds the Pacific Ocean Volcanoes will form at Divergent and Convergent boundaries. Why? o What about Transform?

13. Volcanoes and Divergent Divergent o Plate boundaries pulling apart o Mid-ocean ridges: Underwater o Rift Valleys: On land Lava fills in the space created by diverging plates

16. Volcanoes and Convergent Convergent o 2 plates colliding o Continental Oceanic o Oceanic Oceanic Through subduction older dense plate sinks beneath a deep- ocean trench into the mantle As pressure releases and plate melts forming magma, it will rise because of density Island Arcs are strings of volcanoes created this way

22. Hot Spots Hot Spots are located when there is a weakness in the asthenosphere allowing magma to rise to the surface The hot spots stays in the same place while the plate moves over it o Yellowstone National Park o Hawaiian Islands