2. We are learning to: understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs know about the use of renewable energy sources We will be able to: To use the key terms and improve your use of technical language Understand the marking criteria Confidently answer practice examination questions We must remember to : Search out the ‘command’ words in exam questions when reading a question and answer accordingly. Learn the key terms and summarise what you have learnt after today’s lesson. PLTS: This lesson we are going to be: Independent learners Learning Objective

3. KS4 Resistant Materials Progress Minimising waste production KS4 Graphics Products Our objectives: Understand the principles of minimising waste through a product lifecycle Be able to apply the 4Rs Be able to apply your knowledge and understanding to exam questions I understand the 4Rs and can explain their use in detail, using product life-cycles, advantages and disadvantages I can describe the uses, advantages and disadvantages of the 4Rs I can explain to someone else what the 4Rs are and what they mean I can name the 4Rs I know there are 4Rs Our Learning Ladder

4. Practice exam question 1.Which of the following is NOT a method of minimising waste? A Reduce B Recycle C Recover D Remove (1 mark) Development Minimising waste production KS4 Graphics Products

5. Key terms Reduce Reuse Recover Recycle Lifecycle assessment Development Minimising waste production understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

6. In pairs think of how designers/manufacturers can reduce materials and energy when manufacturing a product. You have two minutes Development Minimising waste production Reducing materials and energy 2:001:591:581:571:561:551:541:531:521:511:501:491:481:471:461:451:441:431:421:411:401:391:381:371:361:351:341:331:321:311:301:291:281:271:261:251:241:231:221:211:201:191:181:171:161:151:141:131:121:111:101:091:081:071:061:051:041:031:021:011:000:590:580:570:560:550:540:530:520:510:500:490:480:470:460:450:440:430:420:410:400:390:380:370:360:350:340:330:320:310:300:290:280:270:260:250:240:230:220:210:200:190:180:170:160:150:140:130:120:110:100:090:080:070:060:050:040:030:020:01End understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

7. More efficient manufacturing processes and better materials are being developed More efficient use of materials Fewer components used Manufacturers are reducing their energy consumption Eliminating/reducing packaging size Make the best use of packaging, by matching packaging with the level of protection needed Development Minimising waste production Reduce materials and energy understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

8. Now in pairs think what we mean when we talk about reusing materials and products. List five products that are or could be used in different ways. You have 2 minutes Development Minimising waste production Reuse materials and products 2:001:591:581:571:561:551:541:531:521:511:501:491:481:471:461:451:441:431:421:411:401:391:381:371:361:351:341:331:321:311:301:291:281:271:261:251:241:231:221:211:201:191:181:171:161:151:141:131:121:111:101:091:081:071:061:051:041:031:021:011:000:590:580:570:560:550:540:530:520:510:500:490:480:470:460:450:440:430:420:410:400:390:380:370:360:350:340:330:320:310:300:290:280:270:260:250:240:230:220:210:200:190:180:170:160:150:140:130:120:110:100:090:080:070:060:050:040:030:020:01End understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

9. EFW – energy from waste WTE – waste to energy (waste converted into energy in the form of either heat or light Both EFW and WTE involve incinerating waste (burning to dispose of it but also producing useful energy) Release of emissions generated by the incineration process must be controlled Development Minimising waste production Recovering energy from waste understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

10. Recycling means processing used material and products into new materials and products Materials are not typically recycled or reprocessed into new, pure products/materials but used in the manufacture of different materials such as cardboard or lower-grade metals and plastics Salvage is another form of recycling Development Minimising waste production Recycle materials and products And use recycled materials understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

11. Multiple choice questions 1.Which of the following is NOT true about waste minimisation? A reducing the amount of waste produced by society B Reducing the amount of people working in a factory C Reducing the amount of energy consumed in the factory D Reducing the amount of materials used in manufacturing Development Minimising waste production Exam questions understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

12. *Explain three benefits to the environment of recycling household waste (6 marks) You have 5 minutes Development Minimising waste production More exam questions! End understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

13. Explain three benefits to the environment of recycling household waste (6 marks) Now swap books over and carefully read what your partner has written. How many marks do you think they have scored? Development Minimising waste production Peer assessment understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

14. Have they offered three benefits (reasons)? Make sure each point is valid and then developed/justified to score full 6 marks. Check the quality of their written work (QWC) Development Minimising waste production Peer assessment understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

15. Less rubbish is going into landfill, therefore pollution/methane gas produced/less run off into fields etc, would be reduced meaning less environmental damage to the local area/habitats. Also if there is less rubbish being produced and taken to landfill, there would be less traffic transporting it, thus reducing the amount of carbon emissions being released into the atmosphere. Finally, there would be less need for mining for new resources so habitats will not be damaged and finite resources will last longer. There would also be a reduction in energy consumption because new materials are not being manufactured. Development Minimising waste production Results Plus – examiners report KS4 Graphics Products

16. Each year thousands of items are not being recycled. Explain one reason why items are not being recycled. (2 marks, 2009) Development Minimising waste production And another understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

17. Student answer: They just get thrown away Better would be ….. Some materials cannot be recycled because it costs too much to do so therefore they just get thrown away into landfill sites. (2 marks) Development Minimising waste production Build a better answer! understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

18. Student answer: Sorting waste takes too much time Better would be ….. Having to sort the waste into different types such as paper, plastic and glass takes too much time. (2 marks) Development Minimising waste production Build a better answer! understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

19. Explain one benefit to the environment of using traditional glass bottles from ‘door to door’ delivery service (2 marks). Development Minimising waste production Another question KS4 Graphics Products

20. Glass bottles can be washed out and reused many times (1 mark). Saving the raw materials and energy required to produce a new one. (1 mark) Development Minimising waste production Mark scheme answer KS4 Graphics Products

21. Exam questions …. Fun, fun, fun! Discuss the problems associated with recycling schemes are organised by local councils (6 marks). Plus revision for your mock exam. Homework Minimising waste production Homework KS4 Graphics Products

22. Tell your neighbour ….. Without looking at your notes/books Tell your neighbour what the 4 Rs are and what they mean. Do 2 each. Plenary Minimising waste production understand the principles of minimizing waste production know how to apply the 4Rs KS4 Graphics Products

23. Plenary Minimising waste production Our objectives: Understand the principles of minimising waste through a product lifecycle Be able to apply the 4Rs Be able to apply your knowledge and understanding to exam questions I understand the 4Rs and can explain their use in detail, using product life-cycles, advantages and disadvantages I can describe the uses, advantages and disadvantages of the 4Rs I can explain to someone else what the 4Rs are and what they mean I can name the 4Rs I know there are 4Rs Our Learning Ladder KS4 Graphics Products

24. Respond creatively to a design brief & specification criteria Learning Objective You should also know how to: clearly communicate your ideas how to use notes and sketches how use annotation that applies the design criteria how to apply your knowledge of materials and manufacturing processes to your design ideas