1. Russell Ahn University of California at Berkeley Olympic Values and Taekwondo: Understanding Olympic values through Taekwondo

2. Questions (Park, 2007) Was it not Pierre de Coubertin’s desire in creating the modern Olympic games to combine moral and ethical values with athletic accomplishment? Has not a balance of the physical, the mental, and the ethical been a basic tenet of eastern philosophies? Are not these things fundamental aspects of Taekwondo?

3. Introduction Olympic values and Taekwondo Taekwondo  an appropriate way of using all parts of the body to stop fights and to help build a better and more peaceful world 2 Traditional Korean martial arts and Taekwondo 3 Philosophy and educational values of Taekwondo 4 Mutual goals of Olympic and Taekwondo 1 Olympic motto & spirit

4. Olympic Motto & Spirit “The important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning but taking part, for the essential thing in life is not conquering but fighting well” Ethelbert Talbert 1 Citius, Altius, Fortius  "Faster, Higher, Stronger"

5. Questions about IOC Is IOC promoting Olympic values and spirit in the Games? 2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal Olympic Taekwondo in 2004 & 2008 Issues in London “Five things the 2012 Olympic has taught us not to do” ( Forbes 2012) Alison Griswold Be a sore winner US 156 vs. Nigeria 73 Give a half-hearted effort Taoufik Makhloufi of Algeria walked off on 200 & 800m but he won in 1500m Game the system too obviously Badminton- Indonesia, S. Korea, China British cyclist Philip Hinds Tweet foolishly Greek triple-jumper Paraskevi “Voula” Papachristou Swiss soccer player Michel Morganella Delay information in a digital age NBC Olympic coverage

6. Do we remember John Stephen Akhwari? "My country did not send me 10,000 miles just to start the race; they sent me to finish the race.“ (57 th runner out 75 runners at the beginning)

7. 1.Olympic is a philosophy of life 2.Service of the harmonious development of humankind and to promote a peaceful society 3.Olympic movement is the concerted, organized, universal & permanent action 4.The practice of sport is a human right  spirit of friendship, solidarity & fair play 5.Recognizing that sport occurs within the framework of society 6.No discrimination with regard to a country or a person on grounds of race, religion, politics & gender 7.Belonging to the Olympic Movement requires compliance with Olympic Charter & recognition by the IOC Return to Fundamental Principles of Olympism

8. Hong-ig-in-gan Ideology of establishing Korea “Peace-keeping Spirit” 2 Traditional Korean martial arts and Taekwondo

9. Olympic Taekwondo KTA 1961  WTF 1973  AAU 1974  GAISF 1975  1988 Seoul Olympic  1992 Barcelona Olympic  1994 IOC Congress  2000 Sydney  2004 Athens  2008 Beijing  2012 London  Rio 2016  2020??? (WTF website, 2012) Traditional Korean Martial Arts & Taekwondo Hong-ig-in-gan Han Theory (purity, harmony, white & no conflicts or separation but becoming one) Characteristics of Traditional Korean martial arts (Shim, 2007) Privately but government-led Based on Military in accordance with Confucianism Government’s efforts of systematization Taekwondo  “The way of kicking and punching”

10. Organize with Sections Taekwondo spirit from its movements (Ahn YK, 2007) Directness – Honesty ‘Jung-jig’ Constant efforts ‘Seong-shil’ Cautious movements ‘Shin-dong’ Equilibrium ‘Jung-jeol’ Being proactive Facing front ‘Jung-ui’

11. Organize with Sections Taekwondo spirit from its code of conducts (Ahn YK, 2007) Patriotism ‘Ae-guk’ Loyalty & Filial piety ‘Chung-hyo’ Courtesy ‘Ye-ui’ Law- abiding ‘Jun-beob’ Equality ‘Pyung-deong’

12. Organize with Sections Taekwondo spirit from uniform and symbolic meaning (Ahn YK, 2007) Peace ‘Pyung-hwa’ Harmony ‘Jo-hwa’ Accordance ‘Hap-il’ Natural ‘Bak-shil’ Promises ‘Yak-sok’

13. Reassurance regarding five tenets of Taekwondo “Ye-Ui” Courtesy “Yom-Chi” Integrity “In-Nae” Perseverance “Guk-Gi” Self-control “Baek-jul-bul-gul” Indomitable spirit Return to Fundamental of Korean Martial Arts Values and Spirit

14. 3 Educational Values of Traditional martial arts? Quantitative & Qualitative Research

15. Quantitative research Self-esteem (Richman & Rehberg, 1986; Stefanek & Petlichkoff, 1999) Self-concept (Finkenberg, 1990) “Positive" personality traits (Duthie, Hope & Barker, 1978; Kurian, Verdi, Caterino & Kulhavy, 1994) Decrease aggression (Nosanchuk, 1981; Nosanchuk & McNeil, 1989) An intervention to reduce juvenile delinquent tendencies (Trulson, 1986) A form of self-help (Fuller, 1988; Konzak & Boudreau, 1984)

16. Qualitative research: (Kevin Stefanek 2004) Stress relief, Awareness, Self- confidence/worth, Self-control, Motivation, Focus, Psychological well-being, Perseverance, Overcome adversity, Leadership development, Respect, Violence avoidance, Humility, Discipline, life lesson, Asian philosophical aspects

17. 4 Mutual goals of Olympic Values and Taekwondo spirit How do we implement Olympic value into Taekwondo or the other way around ?

18. Olympism & Taekwondo Spirit OlympismTaekwondo A philosophy of lifeConcept of ‘Do’ in Taekwondo Harmonious development & a peaceful society Hong-ig-in-gan & ‘Han’ theory The Olympic Movement is the concerted, organized, universal and permanent action, Code of conducts of taekwondo  Five tenets of taekwondo The practice of sport is a human right  Friendship, solidarity & fair play Taekwondo spirit from its code of conducts ‘Aeguk,’ ‘chunghyo,’ ‘yeui,’ ‘junbeob,’ ‘pyungdeong’ Recognizing that sport occurs within the framework of society Loyalty, courtesy, law-abiding, equality Incompatible with any form of discrimination with regard to a country or a person on grounds of race, religion, politics, gender Taekwondo spirit from its code of conducts Taekwondo spirit from uniform and symbols ‘Pyungdeong,’ ‘johwa,’ ‘hapil,’ ‘bakshil,’ ‘yaksok’ the Olympic Movement requires compliance with the Olympic Charter and recognition by the IOC. Taekwondo is an action philosophy

19. We must return to fundamental values of Olympic and Taekwondo Conclusion Martial arts education rather than winning more medals and recognitions

20. Return to Traditional Values of Korean Martial Arts and Taekwondo! Implementation of Olympic Values?

21. ? But wait… Questions? Thank you very much for your attention!