1. Juxtaposition & Paradox by Ray Tan, Chris Castro, & Natassja Agina

2. Juxtaposition (juhk-stuh-puh-zish-uh n) Definition: two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect; an act or instance of placing close together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast Example: Tiger placed next to a chicken.

3. YoungOld

4. LightDark

5. CreationDestruction

6. Childhood Obesity McDonald’s

7. Literary Examples of Juxtaposition “O, she doth teach the torches to burn bright! It seems she hangs upon the cheek of night Like a rich jewel in an Ethiope’s ear;” -Romeo & Juliet ●This juxtaposition contrasts light with dark (Bright jewel against dark skin) ●Ethiope = Part of Africa south of equator ●Juliet is like a jewel on dark skin ○Beautiful and stands out from the rest ○Magnifies sense of value and importance

8. Literary Examples of Juxtaposition “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way…” -A Tale of Two Cities “best” vs “worst” “wisdom” vs. “foolishness” “Light” vs. “Darkness” “Hope” vs. “Despair” “Everything” vs. “Nothing” “Heaven” vs. “the other way”(Hell)

9. Literary Examples of Juxtaposition “The one on my right was a colossal affair by any standard — it was a factual imitation of some Hotel de Ville in Normandy, with a tower on one side, spanking new under a thin beard of raw ivy, and a marble swimming pool, and more than forty acres of lawn and garden. It was Gatsby’s mansion... My own house was an eyesore, but it was a small eyesore, and it had been overlooked, so I had a view of the water, a partial view of my neighbor’s lawn, and the consoling proximity of millionaires.”The one on my right was a colossal affair by any standard — it was a factual imitation of some Hotel de Ville in Normandy, with a tower on one side, spanking new under a thin beard of raw ivy, and a marble swimming pool, and more than forty acres of lawn and garden. It was Gatsby’s mansion.My own house was an eyesore, but it was a small eyesore, and it had been overlooked,so I had a view of the water, a partial view of my neighbor’s lawn, and theconsoling proximity of millionaires -The Great Gatsby ●Juxtaposition that contrasts the wealth and size of Nick Carraway and Jay Gatsby’s houses. ○Emphasizes the differences between the two when placed side by side ●Jay Gatsby has the gargantuan mansion ○Has looming towers and expansive green lawns, complete with a marble swimming pool ●Nick Carraway’s house is a “small eyesore” in comparison ○Easily overlooked

10. Original Examples of Juxtapositions “As a CEO, the man was remarkably smart and creative when he was working at his office. At home, however, he was completely lost, eating microwave meals and sleeping on a couch full of dirty laundry.” ●This juxtaposition contrasts the man’s life at work with his life at home. ●Life at work ○CEO, known to be smart and creative. In command. ●Life at home ○Doesn’t know what to do. ○Can’t cook meals and forgets to do laundry.

11. Original Examples of Juxtapositions “Jake was a 6 foot beefy boy who was the captain of the Football team at his high school. Meanwhile, his brother Jack was short and chubby and always ran out of breath as he walked upstairs.” ●Juxtaposition that contrasts the physical traits of siblings; Foils ●Jake is very athletic ○6 feet tall and beefy ○Captain of the Football team ●Jack is not athletic ○Described short and chubby ○Becomes exhausted doing everyday activities such as climbing the stairs.

12. Original Examples of Juxtapositions The houses to the left of Charleston Street had an air of comfort about them. They were small, cozy homes—idyllic stone Tudor houses and squat cottages with ivy running down the sides. The land was filled with rolling hills, lush green grass, and meadows teeming with flora. On the other side of the street the flat cemented terrain was filled with soaring skyscrapers, geometric towers with glossy metallic window panes and sharp steel edges. There was not a patch of grass to be found, but everywhere one looked there was a blinking streetlight and a rusting manhole cover. Rural vs. City “ The land was filled with rolling hills, lush green grass, and meadows teeming with flora.” “There was not a patch of grass to be found” Small vs Large “ small, cozy homes” “soaring skyscrapers” Stone(Traditional) vs. Steel (Modern) “ sharp steel edges” “stone Tudor houses and squat cottages with ivy running down the sides”

13. Function of a Juxtaposition The purpose of juxtaposing two directly or indirectly related entities close together in literature is to highlight the contrast between the two and compare them. This literary device is usually used for etching out a character in detail, creating suspense or lending a rhetorical effect.

14. Paradox [par-uh-doks] Definition: a statement that contradicts itself and still seems true somehow. Example “This sentence is false” or “Less is more”

16. Literary Examples of Paradox “desiring naught but how to kill desire” -Thou Blind Man’s Mark ●The speaker of the poem hates desire and therefore wants to kill it ●In that process, he is desiring the act of killing desire ○Paradox because he can’t “desire” when killing desire

17. Literary Examples of Paradox “Merry and tragical? Tedious and brief? That is hot ice, and wondrous strange snow! How shall we find the concord of this discord?” - Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Act V, Scene i Filled with contradictory statements (merry and tragical, tedious and brief, etc.) Compares these contradictions to hot ice, another contradictory idea, because ice is frozen water “How shall we find concord of this discord?” → Thesus is wondering how to make sense of so many contradictory, almost nonsensical statements

18. Literary Examples of Paradox “All animals are equal, but some are more equal than others.” -Animal Farm ●The Animal Farm was a story about a group of animals who started off with the rule of “All animals are equal.” ●As time went on, the equality between the animals decreased ○Some animals were better than others ●This quote is a paradox because you can’t be more equal than others ○Contradicts the idea of equality ○Being more “equal” is to not be equal at all

19. Original Examples of Paradox “Reality is an illusion.” If something is real, it is not an illusion This is a paradox because it is stating that reality is something that it’s not Reality =/= illusion Makes people ponder whether if the life we’re currently living is just a dream

20. Original Examples of Paradox “I’m not talking.” ●By saying “I’m not talking”, the person is talking ○Contradicts itself

21. Original Examples of Paradox “You can’t drive until you learn to drive.” ●This is a paradox because to drive, a person needs to learn to drive first ○Contradicts itself because driving can’t happen until you know how to drive ■In order to know how to drive, you need to practice driving

22. Function of Paradox The function of paradox is to make the reader see something in a new way that he or she wouldn’t otherwise have seen. It makes people question whether something that once was thought true is really true at all. In literature, paradoxes usually emphasize complexity.

23. Sources: http://literarydevices.net/juxtaposition/ http://www.literarydevices.com/juxtaposition/ http://blog.flocabulary.com/juxtaposition/ http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/paradox http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-paradox.html