1. INO prototype detector and data acquisition system Anita Behere, M.S.Bhatia, V.B.Chandratre, V.M.Datar, P.K.Mukhopadhyay Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, INDIA Satyajit Jena Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, INDIA Y.P.Viyogi Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, INDIA Sudeb Bhattacharya, Satyajit Saha Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, INDIA Sarika Bhide, S.D.Kalmani, N.K.Mondal, P.Nagaraj, B.K.Nagesh, Shobha K. Rao, L.V.Reddy, M.Saraf, B.Satyanarayana, R.R.Shinde, Shobha K. Rao, L.V.Reddy, M.Saraf, B.Satyanarayana, R.R.Shinde, S.S.Upadhya, P.Verma S.S.Upadhya, P.Verma Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, INDIA Saikat Biswas, Subhasish Chattopadhyay, P.R.Sarma Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, INDIA

2. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Introduction 13 layers of 50 mm thick magnetised iron plates 35 ton absorber mass 1.5 Tesla magnetic field 12, 1m 2 RPC layers About 768 readout channels Trigger on cosmic ray muons In situ, using RPCs In situ, using RPCs Using scintillation paddle layers Using scintillation paddle layers Record strip hit and timing information Chamber and ambient parameter monitoring

3. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Requirements & features of the magnet Magnetic field large enough (1- 1.5 Tesla) to enable momentum measurement for 1-10 GeV muons produced by μ interactions within detector Piecewise uniformity Optimum copper to steel ratio Rectangular design for simplicity Low carbon magnet (Tata A-grade) steel used 4 sets of copper coils of 5 turns each with channels for water cooling Clear area for RPCs: 1.2 m × 2.2 m

4. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Magnet iron installation T and C Sections of the magnetAssembled magnet

5. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 B-H curve for prototype magnet Steel sample size: 68cm  43.5 cm  4.8 cm Number of turns in coil: 25

6. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 RPCs for prototype detector  Using 3mm thick Asahi Float glass procured from local market  Polycarbonate buttons, spacers and gas nozzles developed and fabricated  Resistive coat developed in collaboration with a local industry  Operated in avalanche mode using R134:Iso:SF 6 ::95.5:5.0:0.5 gas mixture Ref: Mondal, N.K. et al, Plenary session PL-3

7. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Multi-channel gas mixing system  16 pneumatically controlled outputs  Molecular sieve based input filter columns  Nippon Tylan made model FC-760 MFCs  Parker made fine filters on the mixed gas  On-line moister readout on mixed gas  Output flow control by SS 0.3mm capillaries  Bleeder bubblers for RPC protection  Facility to add controlled moister into the mixture  Computer interface for control and monitoring Ref: Verma, P. et al, Poster session PS-1

8. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Electronics scheme for prototype

9. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Preamp for prototype detector Built as a cascade of BMC1595/BMC1597 and BMC1513 HMCs, developed at BARC, Electronics Division Overall gain of about 80. Rise and fall times are about 3nS and 6nS Noise band within ±7mV

10. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 16-channel analog front-end Functions To digitize the preamp signals To digitize the preamp signals To form the pre-trigger (Level-0) logic To form the pre-trigger (Level-0) logic Signal shaping Signal shapingFeatures Based on the AD96687 ultra- fast comparator Based on the AD96687 ultra- fast comparator Common adjustable threshold going up to 500mV Common adjustable threshold going up to 500mV V Th now at -20mV V Th now at -20mV ECL output for low I/O delay and fast rise times ECL output for low I/O delay and fast rise times

11. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 32-channel digital front-end Functions Latch RPC strip status on trigger Latch RPC strip status on trigger Transfer latched data serially through a daisy chain to the readout module Transfer latched data serially through a daisy chain to the readout module Time-multiplex strip signals for noise rate monitoring Time-multiplex strip signals for noise rate monitoring Generate Level-1 trigger signals Generate Level-1 trigger signalsFeatures Latch, shift register, multiplexer are implemented in CPLD XC95288 Latch, shift register, multiplexer are implemented in CPLD XC95288 Trigger logic is built into a CPLD XC9536; flexible Trigger logic is built into a CPLD XC9536; flexible Data transfer rates of up to 10MHz Data transfer rates of up to 10MHz

12. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Control and data router To route the control signals and shift clock from controller to the individual FEP modules To route the latch data from all the FEPs to the readout module To route strip signals from FEPs to the scalers for noise rate monitoring

13. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Trigger and TDC router To route the m-Fold signals from each RPC plane to the final trigger module To route TDC stop signals (1-Fold) from each plane to the TDC module All signals are in LVDS logic, except TDC stop signals which are in ECL logic for achieving better timing resolution

14. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Data and monitor control module On FTO, triggers all the FEPs to latch the strip signals Initiates serial data transfer to the readout module Manages the noise rate monitoring of strip signals, by generating periodic interrupts and selecting channels to be monitored sequentially CAMAC interface for parameter configuration (like data transfer speed, size, monitoring period) as well as diagnostic procedures

15. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Data and monitor readout Module Supports two serial connections for event data recording of X and Y planes and 8 channels for noise rate monitoring Serial Data converted into 16-bit parallel data and stored temporarily in 4k FIFO buffer Source of LAM for external trigger source CAMAC interface for data readout to Computer

16. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Final trigger module Receives m-fold layer triggers and generates m  n fold final trigger Final trigger out (FTO) invokes LAM and is Logic Trigger Out (LTO) vetoed by gated LAM Inputs can be selectively masked The rates of different m  n combinations counted by embedded 16-bit scalers Rate monitoring of LTO signal using the built in 24-bit scaler Logic inputs and m  n signals are latched on an FTO and can be read via CAMAC commands Implementing using FPGA adds to circuit simplicity and flexibility

17. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Power supplies and monitoring Essentially commercial solutions Low voltage CAEN’s EASY 3000 system CAEN’s EASY 3000 system High voltage (Bi-polar) CAEN’s 2527 mainframe CAEN’s 2527 mainframe RPC bias current monitoring CAEN’s ADC board in 2527 mainframe CAEN’s ADC board in 2527 mainframe Our design solution Our design solution Ref: S.Bose et al, Poster Session: PS-1 Ref: S.Bose et al, Poster Session: PS-1

18. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 On-line monitoring & services On-line web portal for monitoring chambers under test as well as ambient conditions of the laboratories Chambers High voltage and current High voltage and current Strip noise rates Strip noise rates Cosmic muon efficiency Cosmic muon efficiency Ambient parameters Temperature Temperature Relative humidity Relative humidity Barometric pressure Barometric pressure Magnet control and monitoring Gas system control and monitoring Web based electronic log book

19. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Scheme of on-line web portal

20. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 RPC stack for INO prototype

21. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 RPC timing resolution plots

22. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Strip noise rate history plots

23. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Strip noise rate distributions

24. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Telescope monitoring history plots

25. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Telescope monitoring distributions

26. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Current status and future work Prototype magnet assembled at VECC Tested up to B of 0.65 T at 2000 amp turns Designs of RPC gaps and mechanical casings to be used finalised About a dozen chambers under long term test Design and fabrication of electronics and data acquisition systems done; being commissioned Expecting to complete the installation in coming months

27. B.Satyanarayana RPC2007, TIFR, Mumbai, INDIA 14th February 2008 Acknowledgement Manas Bhuyan, S. Joshi, Shekhar Lahamge, Asmita Redij, TIFR, Mumbai S.Bose, SINP, Kolkata M.D.Ghodgoankar, R.S.Shastrakar, BARC, Mumbai BEL, Bangalore