1. pág. 1 01/04/2009 INDUSTRIAL COMPRESSOR BASIS Julián Sáez Mateo julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez

2. pág. 2 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Index 1.Introduction 2.Compressor types used in processing plants 3.Methods of capacity control for the Principal types of Compressors 4.Flow capacities and discharge pressures for different compressor types 5.Speed and flow capacity ranges of standard compressor drives 6.Centrifugal compressors Índice

3. pág. 3 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 1. Introduction

4. pág. 4 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 1. Introduction - The transportation of vapors and gases, as well as the set of required pressure in different equipment and lines (reactors, instrument air lines..etc) is an important portion of the total operating cost of processing plants - The optimization of this unit operation can substantially lower the total operating cost of the plant - Compressors are gas transportation machines that perform the function of increasing the gas pressure by confinement or by kinetic energy conversion

5. pág. 5 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 2. Compressor types used in processing plants

6. pág. 6 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 2. Compressor types used in processing plants -Principal types of compressors used in processing plants: -Positive-displacement (pressurize gases through confinement) - Rotary (blower, helical-screw, lobe, sliding vane, liquid ring) - Reciprocating - Dynamic compressors (pressurize gases by acceleration) -Centrifugal

7. pág. 7 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 2. Compressor types used in processing plants Blower http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugal_fanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugal_fan

8. pág. 8 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 2. Compressor types used in processing plants Sliding vane compressor http://www.compair.com/About_Us/Compressed_Air_Explain ed--03Types_of_compressors.aspx http://www.compair.com/About_Us/Compressed_Air_Explain ed--03Types_of_compressors.aspx

9. pág. 9 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 2. Compressor types used in processing plants Liquid ring compressor http://www.simerics.com/animation/ring_pump_gas.gif http://www.simerics.com/animation/ring_pump_gas.gif Typically used as a vacuum pump but can also be used as a gas compressor

10. pág. 10 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 2. Compressor types used in processing plants Helical-screw compressor http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/~sj376/pr_3d.gif http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/~sj376/pr_3d.gif

11. pág. 11 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 2. Compressor types used in processing plants Lobe compressor http://www.simerics.com/animation/lobe_compressor_ani.gif http://www.simerics.com/animation/lobe_compressor_ani.gif

12. pág. 12 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 2. Compressor types used in processing plants Reciprocating compressor http://patcelte.chez-alice.fr/animations/pist.gif

13. pág. 13 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 2. Compressor types used in processing plants Axial compressor http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axial_compressor

14. pág. 14 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 2. Compressor types used in processing plants Centrifugal compressor http://www.saephils.com/products/aircompressor s/images/aircomptypes/rotation_model.gif

15. pág. 15 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 3. Methods of capacity control for the Principal types of Compressors

16. pág. 16 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 3. Methods of capacity control for the Principal types of Compressors

17. pág. 17 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 4. Flow capacities and discharge pressures for different compressor types

18. pág. 18 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 4. Flow capacities and discharge pressures for different compressor types

19. pág. 19 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 5. Speed and flow capacity ranges of standard compressor drives

20. pág. 20 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 5. Speed and flow capacity ranges of standard compressor drives (1 ft3/min = 1,7 m3/h)

21. pág. 21 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 6. Centrifugal compressors

22. pág. 22 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 6. Centrifugal Compressors The centrifugal compressor is a machine that converts the momentum of gas into a pressure head The dynamic compressor achieves a pressure rise by adding kinetic-energy/velocity to a continuous flow of fluid through the rotor or impeller This kinetic energy is then converted to an increase in static pressure by slowing the flow through a diffuser

23. pág. 23 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 6. Centrifugal Compressors Rotor or impeller

24. pág. 24 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 6. Centrifugal Compressors Impeller – Diffuser

25. pág. 25 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 6. Centrifugal Compressors Diffuser

26. pág. 26 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice 6. Centrifugal Compressors

27. pág. 27 Juliian Saez (julsaez@gmail.com)julsaez@gmail.com http://www.slideshare.net/julsaez/cv-julian-saez Índice Sources Photos and Illustrations: Photos of compressors taken from internet Explanations: Instrument Engineers Handbook-Fourth Edition