1. Yuri Glukhoy Nanocoating Plasma Systems Inc. Fremont, CA USA 3D Ceramic Printer with AP-ICP torch for manufacturing of 3D Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

2. Our Aadvantage Plasma beam replaces laser with a commensurable crossover. The same beam together with heat is able to convey vapor of ceramic materials. This vapor is originated from nanopowder that is injected in a plasma reactor, bounced between two torches, de-aggregated and finally vaporized in at 10,000 C. Narrowed by a nozzle this vapor is focused in a deposition spot with Dia 0.2 mm using an electric and aerodynamic focusing in order to fabricate the shrinking-less 3D ceramic components with a high tolerance without post-processing

3. The factors driving 3D printing market are high degree of accuracy, efficient use of raw materials, ability to build customized products, simultaneous use of multiple materials for printing, efficient use of production time and financials, competency over traditional techniques, etc. On the contrary, higher production cost to individual users, expensive 3D printing software, lack of channel partner assistance, scarcity of skilled labors and inability to manufacture huge outputs are some of the restraints for the global 3D printing market. Also, application of 3D printing in various industries and improved manufacturing process are the opportunities present, which can be capitalized 3D printing, also known as additive printing technology, allows manufacturers to develop objects using a digital file and variety of printing materials. The global 3D printing market is in the progressive phase of its life cycle and was valued $2.3 billion in 2013 and is anticipated to reach $8.6 billion by 2020, growing at a CAGR of 20.6%. The anticipated advancement is due to the widespread applications of 3D printing and the potential prospects of 3D printing in diverse fields like medical implants, fuel cells, thin film Li ion batteries 3D printing, also known as additive printing technology, allows manufacturers to develop objects using a digital file and variety of printing materials. The global 3D printing market is in the progressive phase of its life cycle and was valued $2.3 billion in 2013 and is anticipated to reach $8.6 billion by 2020, growing at a CAGR of 20.6%. The anticipated advancement is due to the widespread applications of 3D printing and the potential prospects of 3D printing in diverse fields like medical implants, fuel cells, thin film Li ion batteries.

5. New Opportunity Nanocoating Plasma Systems Inc presents a prototype developed primarily for the global oil and gas industry, which is poised for significant change as global markets have entered a period of extended turmoil. Such turmoil and cheap oil price curtails last achievements in a clean energy and in global warming initiative. The best technical solution is to reduce the environmental contamination by a clean transition of oil or gas in electricity using the 3D fuel cells, especially Solid Oxide Fuel Cells from a row material like nanopowder. We propose rapid printing of 3d Solid Oxide Fuels for the cheap Bloom Boxes because we have overcomed a main obstacle in SOFCs like deposition of a thin impermeable electrolyte on a porous anode Nanocoating Plasma Systems Inc presents a prototype developed primarily for the global oil and gas industry, which is poised for significant change as global markets have entered a period of extended turmoil. Such turmoil and cheap oil price curtails last achievements in a clean energy and in global warming initiative. The best technical solution is to reduce the environmental contamination by a clean transition of oil or gas in electricity using the 3D fuel cells, especially Solid Oxide Fuel Cells from a row material like nanopowder. We propose rapid printing of 3d Solid Oxide Fuels for the cheap Bloom Boxes because we have overcomed a main obstacle in SOFCs like deposition of a thin impermeable electrolyte on a porous anode.

6. Our Advantage Laser Metal Printing is Expensive Laser Metal Printing is Expensive Short-focused and dependent on a light absorption of powder Short-focused and dependent on a light absorption of powder Steep overhangs or unsupported areas of the printing components need the special fixtures Steep overhangs or unsupported areas of the printing components need the special fixtures Needs a post-processing treatment Needs a post-processing treatment Thermal budget is small for melting of ceramic Thermal budget is small for melting of ceramic Our plasma beam having the same size is carrying vapor of ceramic vaporized in the torch for a precise deposition LASERLASER PLASMAPLASMA BEAMBEAM

7. 1.3D SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL manufacturing is the best demonstration of our manufacturing is the best demonstration of our advantage because we can build a thin impermeable YSZ electrolyte on a 3D surface of a porous anode using method of oblique deposition to overlap the pores without blocking of them. It allows lowering of operation temperature of fuel cell and reduce power losses. 2. Ceramic shrinking – less components (implants) manufacturing allows securing of critical dimensions and tolerance of the original drawings 3. Shipboard, expedition manufacturing Our printer can work without any enclosure and in any environmental condition (vibration, rough ocean, etc) We Can Do What Nobody Else Can

8. We Can Develop a Thin Impermeable Ionic Conductive Layer Of Electrolyte On a Porous Anode In Order To Reduce Operation Temperature Of Fuel Cells For Automotive Industry Thin Plasma Beam Allows Providing of Oblique Deposition To Overlap Pores of Substrate

9. Schematic of AP-ICP jet for 3D printer 1 - plasma reactor 3-high temperature plasma ball; 7 - antenna; 9 - nozzle; 12 - plasma beam; 6 - extractor; 11 - flat Ni-YSZ anode

10. AP-ICP plasma jet for vaporization of ceramic nanopowder and generaration of a focused plasma beam

11. Nanopowder delivery system with centrifuge with twin serpentine for control of feeding rate

12. Nanocoating System with CNC Fixture and Thickness Monitoring

13. Total view of an AP-ICP jet for a sub-millimeter focusing of a deposition spot Top torch with nozzle generates the charged species that bombard injected nanopowder causing dissociation of clusters bouncing between two torches and their de-aggregation realizing nanoparticles that are melted and vaporized in bottom torch Top torch Bottom torch Top torch nanopowder

14. Having a high surface energy a commercial nanopowder is aggregated in the clusters contaminating deposition, causing exfoliation and increasing a grain resistance of the fuel cells Cluster SEM picture of YSZ nanocoating Cluster Clusters Deaggregation of clusters includes agitation of powder and a cloud generation during storage, centrifuging before injection, bouncing during injection and exposing to the slow flow of charged species for electron deposition on the surface of the cluster in the fly

15. 1) Injected clusters 7 are bouncing between two torches 5 &10; 2) Top torch 5 limited by nozzle 6 generates charged species; 3) They charge cluster A; 4) Electric forces between members of cluster disintegrate it in assemble B; 5) Train C of liberated particles enters torch 8 for melting Mechanism of de-aggregation

16. Fig.1. Cost-effective process of rapid manufacturing of SOFCs: a) substrate - Ni-YSZ anode ( tape casting) b) direct deposition of NiO – YSZ vapor for 3D anode buildup c) oblique deposition of YSZ vapor for coating by electrolyte d) spinning LSM coating of cathode on YSZ electrolyte RAPIDBLOOMBOXFROMNANOPOWDERANDFLAT ANODE ANODE USINGNEGATIVEANDPOSITIVETILTSANDROTATION

17. Our goal is to build the printer for manufacturing of such 3D honeycomb structure of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Fig. 3. Micro photography of impermeable YSZ deposition