1. Chapter 10: Energy Sections10.1-10.3

2. Chapter 10 Vocabulary – 14 words 1. energy 2. potential energy 3. kinetic energy 4. work 5. state function 6. temperature 7. heat 8. system 9. surroundings 10. exothermic 11. endothermic 12. calorie 13. specific heat capacity 14. entropy

3. Learning Targets You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

4. 10.1-Energy Energy is defined as the ability to do work or produce heat. Energy is a term we use every day. –We have no energy because we are tired, we have plenty of energy because we just ate, etc. You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

5. 10.1-Energy Energy is classified into two categories: potential energy and kinetic energy. Potential energy is stored energy due to position. Kinetic energy is energy of motion and depends on mass and velocity –KE = ½ mv 2 You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

6. Energy The study of energy is called thermodynamics. The law of conservation of energy is often referred to as the 1 st law of thermodynamics – “the energy of the universe is constant.” You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

7. 10.1-Energy The law of conservation of energy states that energy can be converted from one form to another but can’t be created or destroyed. Remember the law of conservation of mass - same concept applies to this law. You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

8. 10.2-Temperature and Heat Temperature is a measure of random motions of molecules and atoms of a substance. When you think of temperature, think of being sick. What is your body doing for you to have a fever, therefore having a temperature? You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

9. 10.2-Temperature and Heat Heat is defined as a flow of energy due to temperature differences. The key part about this definition is the flow of energy as opposed to the movement of molecules with temperature. Think of running a bath…when the water becomes cool, the flow of energy has occurred. You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

10. 10.3-Exothermic and Endothermic Processes An exothermic process is one where energy as heat flows out of the system and into the surroundings. –exo, think of exit…out An endothermic process is one where energy as heat flows into the system from the surroundings. –endo, think of in…absorbing in You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

11. 10.3-Exothermic and Endothermic Processes The energy in exothermic and endothermic processes comes from a difference in potential energies between the reactants and products. In exothermic reactions, reactants have a higher potential energy and the reaction is indicated by a negative sign. In endothermic reactions, products have a higher potential energy and the reaction is indicated by a positive sign. You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

12. Examples to work through Your hand gets cold when you touch ice The ice melts when you touch it Ice cream melts Two chemicals mixing in a beaker give off heat You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

13. Examples of Exothermic/Endothermic With these examples, ask yourself what the system is and what the surroundings are: Your hand gets cold when you touch ice hand-surroundingsice-system flow is from the ice to the hand, exothermic You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

14. Examples of Exothermic/Endothermic With these examples, ask yourself what the system and surroundings are: The ice melts when you touch it hand-surroundingsice-system flow is from the hand to the ice, endothermic You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

15. Examples of Exothermic/Endothermic With these examples, ask yourself what the system and surroundings are: Ice cream melts container or cone-surroundings ice cream-system flow is from the container to the ice cream, endothermic You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

16. Examples of Exothermic/Endothermic With these examples, ask yourself what the system and surroundings are: Two chemicals mixing in a beaker give off heat beaker-surroundings two chemicals-system flow is from the two chemicals to the beaker, exothermic You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

17. Common Exo/Endo examples Exothermic:BurningFreezingcondensationEndothermicBaking/cookingMeltingBoilingEvaporation

18. Recap 14 vocabulary words Energy and its classifications Temperature and Heat Exothermic and Endothermic You will learn about the general concepts and properties of energy. You will learn about exothermic and endothermic reactions.

19. Homework Page 318 5, 9, 11 and 14