1. Bell Ringer Supreme Court Justice Scalia (Republican- who served for 29 years) just passed away this weekend. Prior to his passing, the Supreme Court had 5 Republicans and 4 Democrats, how possibly can the timing of his passing create conflict? Think about who nominates and approves Supreme Court Justices.

2. Thomas Jefferson A New Style of President (The Revolution of 1800): Dismantling the Federalist System

3. Louisiana Purchase- 1803 Jefferson purchased the Louisiana Territory for $15 Million Dollars from France (Napoleon Bonaparte) The United States basically wanted New Orleans for the purpose of trade and control of the Mississippi River. Over night the size of the United States basically doubled. It was a deal that couldn’t be passed up, even if Jefferson thought it was wrong and unconstitutional. He even went against his “Strict Interpretation” of the Constitution to take advantage of this game changing moment for the nation.

4. Louisiana Purchase http://www.history.com/topics/louisiana-purchase/videos/louisiana-purchase-doubles-size-of-america http://www.history.com/topics/louisiana-purchase/videos/louisiana-purchase-doubles-size-of-america Doubled the size over night.

5. Jefferson selects Meriwether Lewis to explore the territory. Their journey was the ultimate “Survivor” reality experience. Objectives of the Expedition Map the land Find Northwest Passage (Water route from Mississippi River to the Pacific; it doesn’t exist) Make Peace with Indians Scientific discoveries to assist in settling new land.

6. Key individuals on the journey William Clark- chosen as co-leader by Lewis York- Clark’s slave. Helped to ease Indian relations. Sacagawea- translator, helped with knowledge of the land. (15 years old w/ a child)

7. Lewis and Clark’s Route Started in St. Louis www.arrakeen.ch Went up the Missouri River Over the Rockies www.asw.cz Down the Columbia River www.graphyx.com Finally Reaching the Pacific oceanexplorer.noaa.gov www.bikekatytrail.com

8. Embargo Act- Background What led to the act? Jefferson weakened the United States Navy and left us in a position where there was trouble on the high seas. British ships began to again use impressment against American sailors, as well as taking the cargo. Embargo: An official ban of trade with another country/countries. Reasons for the Embargo: an attempt to protect the United States Jefferson from the British and French.

9. Embargo Act- What it did. The law prohibited all trade from the United States to France and England. Jefferson felt the best way to protect the ships and men was to not allow them to leave for dangerous waters. He thought they would treat us better. Impact and reaction: Stopping the exports/trade killed the economy, caused unemployment and angered the American people. It was economic disaster. Many broke the law (smuggled).

10. The Issue of the “Midnight Judges” As Adams’ term as President was about to end he tried to put in place many Federalists judges in the Courts to insure that the Federalist Party still held power in at least part of the Federal Government. This was controversial and led to a show down called “Marbury vs. Madison”. This is one of the most famous Supreme Court Cases.

11. Marbury versus Madison: Supreme Court Case Significance- 1. First time that the Supreme Court ruled that an action was unconstitutional. First case determined by the Supreme Court had the power to declare actions/laws unconstitutional. 2. This decision was the basis for Judicial Review (the process for declaring a law

12. Foreign Issues- Barbary Pirates https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SwS6OkgUXKE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SwS6OkgUXKE Reasons for fighting: This war was fought because the U.S. no longer was willing to pay the “protection” fee that the pirates demanded for trade in that region. America had paid up to $10 Million dollars, and we had had enough. Significance: Jefferson is the first to send our Navy and troops (Marines) overseas to fight the Barbary Pirates off the coast of Africa. Once again…. We won’t be pushed around.