4. Yamato Period: 300-710 “ Great Kings ” era Began promoting the adoption of Chinese culture: a Confucianism. a Language (kanji characters). a Buddhist sects. a Chinese art & architecture. a Government structure. Began promoting the adoption of Chinese culture: a Confucianism. a Language (kanji characters). a Buddhist sects. a Chinese art & architecture. a Government structure.

5. Prince Shotoku: 573-621  Adopted Chinese culture and Confucianism. a Buddhist sects allowed to develop. a Created a new government structure:  17 Article Constitution in 604. 

6. Heian Period: 794-1156 Characteristics: a Growth of large landed estates. a Arts & literature of China flourished. a Elaborate court life [highly refined]  ETIQUETTE.  ETIQUETTE.  a Personal diaries e The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon [10c] a Great novel  The Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki Shikibu [1000 pgs.+]  The Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki Shikibu [1000 pgs.+]   Moving away from Chinese models in religion, the arts, and government.  Moving away from Chinese models in religion, the arts, and government.  Characteristics: a Growth of large landed estates. a Arts & literature of China flourished. a Elaborate court life [highly refined]  ETIQUETTE.  ETIQUETTE.  a Personal diaries e The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon [10c] a Great novel  The Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki Shikibu [1000 pgs.+]  The Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki Shikibu [1000 pgs.+]   Moving away from Chinese models in religion, the arts, and government.  Moving away from Chinese models in religion, the arts, and government. 

7. Heian Period: Cultural Borrowing 1.Chinese writing. 2.Chinese artistic styles. 3.Buddhism [in the form of ZEN]. 4.BUT, not the Chinese civil service system! 4.BUT, not the Chinese civil service system!  1.Chinese writing. 2.Chinese artistic styles. 3.Buddhism [in the form of ZEN]. 4.BUT, not the Chinese civil service system! 4.BUT, not the Chinese civil service system! 

8. Heian Court Dress

9. The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon (diary)

11. Tale of Genji ( first novel)

12. Tale of Genji Scroll (first novel)

13. Lady Murasaki Shikibu She contributed much to the Japanese script known as kana, while men wrote with Chinese characters, kanji.

14. Minamoto Yoritomo Founded the Kamakura Shogunate: 1185-1333

15. Feudal Society The emperor reigned, but did not always rule!

16. FeudalismFeudalism Japan: A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. Japan: Shogun Daimyo Samurai Peasant Land - Shoen Protection Loyalty Food

17. FeudalismFeudalism A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. Europe: King Lord Knight Peasant Land - Fief Protection Loyalty Food

18. Code of Bushido * Fidelity * Politeness * Virility * Simplicity * Fidelity * Politeness * Virility * Simplicity

19. Seppuku: Ritual Suicide Kaishaku – his “seconds” It is honorable to die in this way.

20. Full Samurai Attire

21. Samurai Sword

22. Early Mounted Samurai Warriors

23. Underpinnings: Basic Steps in Self Defense A COTTON BREECH CLOUT A COTTON BREECH CLOUT that extended up over the chest was the basic undergarment of a samurai’s costume A SHORT SLEEVED KIMONO A SHORT SLEEVED KIMONO, or “armor robe,” was tied snugly at the waist with a special knot (lower right)

24. BILLOWING PANTALOONS, BILLOWING PANTALOONS, worn over the armor robe, fitted loosely in the legs to allow freedom of movement STURDY SHINGUARDS STURDY SHINGUARDS of cloth or leather were reinforced with strips of iron to give protection from the front AN EXQUISITE BROCADE AN EXQUISITE BROCADE, richly worked with a design of peonies, was one of the extravagant materials used in an armor robe that may have been made for a 14 th Century imperial prince

25. Samurai Charging

26. Modern-Day “ Samurai Warriors ”

27. Code of Chivalry * * Justice * Loyalty * Defense * Courage * Faith * Humility * Nobility * * Justice * Loyalty * Defense * Courage * Faith * Humility * Nobility

28. European knight Samurai Warrior vs. Medieval Warriors

29. Knight’s Armor Samurai Armor vs. Medieval Warriors

30. Zen Buddhism a A Japanese variation of the Mahayana form of Buddhism, which came from India through China. a It reinforced the Bushido values of mental and self-discipline.

31. Mongol “ Invasions ” of Japan 4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them.

32. Ashikaga Age: 1338-1573 ► Shoguns fought for power. a Laws are unclear. a Less efficient than the Kamakura.  Armies of samurai protected the country. 

33. CASTLESCASTLES CASTLESCASTLES

34. Osaka Castle

35. Main Gate of Hiroshima Castle

36. Caernorfon Castle, Wales

37. Warwick Castle, England

38. ROENSROENS ROENSROENS

39. The Age of the Warring States: ( 1467 - 1568) a Castles built on hills in different provinces. a Power shifts from above to below.  Europeans arrive in Japan  bringing firearms & Christianity. a Christianity & foreign trade flourish.

40. Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582) a Banishes the last Ashikaga shogun. a Unifies a large part of Japan. a Banishes the last Ashikaga shogun. a Unifies a large part of Japan.

41. Catholic Jesuits in Japan [First Catholic Missionaries in Asia] St. Francis Xavier [First Catholic Missionaries in Asia]

42. Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1536-1598) a Becomes suspicious of European territorial ambitions.  Orders all European missionaries expelled from Japan.  a Tries to invade Korea, but fails.

43. First Christian Martyrs (1597): Shrine in Nagasaki Today

44. Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616) Appointed shogun by the Emperor. a Appointed shogun by the Emperor.  Four-class system laid down with marriage restricted to members of the same class!  Four-class system laid down with marriage restricted to members of the same class!   Warriors.  Farmers.  Artisans.  Merchants.

45. Tokugawa Shogunate Period  Japan closed off to all trade [except to the Dutch and Chinese].   The Dutch were restricted to a small island in Nagasaki harbor. a Japanese Christians persecuted and Christianity is forbidden. a The government is centralized with all power in the hands of the shogun. a Domestic trade flourishes. a Towns, esp. castle towns, increase. a Merchant class becomes rich!  a New art forms  haiku poetry, kabuki theater.

46. Changing role of women a changed a LOT over time! aAncient times – women were influential, and marriage was woman-centered; women had power in the home and politically aUnder Buddhism and Confucianism, women were barred from official political roles, and had less economic power aStill six ruling Empresses during 6 th and 7 th centuries aWar-oriented feudal economy under the shogun saw their power reduced further, losing inheritance rights

47. a17 th century beliefs awomen’s interests are secondary to that of the family aShould obey her parents until marriage, and then obey her husband, and then her sons in old age Onna Daigaku