1. Between the Wars UNIT 14

3. Target 1 – 1920s decade I can identify the popular culture (symbols) of the 1920s decade I can identify the challenges to traditional values of the 1920s decade

4. Mass media and communications Radio : Broadcast jazz and Fireside Chats (President speaks directly to the American people) Movies : Provided escape from Depression-era realities Newspapers and magazines : Shaped cultural norms and sparked fads

5. Challenges to traditional values Traditional religion: Darwin’s Theory, the Scopes Monkey Trial Traditional role of women: Flappers, passage of the 19th Amendment Open immigration: Rise of new Ku Klux Klan (KKK) Prohibition: After the passage of the 18 th Amendment (Period know as Prohibition) Smuggling alcohol, speakeasies, and organized crime grows Expansion of the use of Credit

6. Target 2 – Great Depression I can identify the causes of the Great Depression I can identify the causes of the Stock Market crash of 1929

7. Causes of the Great Depression The stock market crash of 1929 and collapse of stock prices Federal Reserve’s failure to prevent widespread collapse of the nation’s banking system in the late 1920s and early 1930s, leading to severe contraction in the nation’s supply of money in circulation High protective tariffs that produced retaliatory tariffs in other countries, strangling world trade (Tariff Act of 1930, popularly called the Hawley-Smoot Act)

8. Causes of the stock market crash of 1929 Business was booming, but investments were made with borrowed money (over-speculation). There was excessive expansion of credit. Business failures led to bankruptcies-Overproduction and under consumption the reason Bank deposits were invested in the market. When the market collapsed, the banks ran out of money.

9. Target 3 – Great Depression I can identify the impact of the Great Depression I can identify the impact of the Stock Market crash of 1929

10. FDR Fireside Chats

11. Impact of the Great Depression Unemployment and homelessness Collapse of the financial system (bank closings) Decline in demand for goods Political unrest (growing militancy of labor unions) Farm foreclosures (could not pay their debts), migration, & unemployment soared to 16 million persons by 1933

12. Consequences of the Stock Market crash of 1929 Clients panicked, attempting to withdraw their money from the banks, but there was nothing to give them. (remember most of the money supply in in the Market) There were no new investments The Federal Reserve Bank failed to respond leading to numerous bank closings Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act of 1930 passed to protect domestic production-we plunged further into a Depression

13. Hawley-Smoot Tariff Highest protective tariff to date Wildly prohibitive duty on imported goods resulted with 25 nations passing laws to restrict purchases American goods Trade collapses…Bank Panic

14. Target 4 – New Deal I can identify the purpose of the New Deal I can explain the New Deal’s new role for American government I can explain the purpose of specific New Deal recovery programs (WPA, AAA, FDIC & Social Security Act)

15. The New Deal FDR declares a bank moratorium Orders 4 billion dollars to federal banks to sure up the money supply In the First Hundred Days, Roosevelt tackles the depression Government involvement vs. laissez-faire approach to recovery

16. FDR & the “New Deal” Relief, Recovery, and Reform

17. New Deal (Franklin Roosevelt) This program changed the role of the government to a more active participant in solving problems. Roosevelt rallied a frightened nation in which one in four workers was unemployed. (“We have nothing to fear, but fear itself.”) Relief measures provided direct payment to people for immediate help (Works Progress Administration— WPA ).

18. New Deal (Franklin Roosevelt) Recovery programs were designed to bring the nation out of the depression over time (Agricultural Adjustment Administration—AAA). Reform measures corrected unsound banking and investment practices (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation—FDIC). Social Security Act offered safeguards for workers.

19. New Deal (Franklin Roosevelt) The legacy of the New Deal influenced the public’s belief in the responsibility of government to deliver public services, to intervene in the economy, and to act in ways that promote the general welfare.

20. The Depression It is not known if the “New Deal” would have brought an end to the crisis that griped America for most of the decade of the 1930’s Events in Europe and World War II are believed to have ended the “Great Depression”

21. Test at our next class meeting Unit 14