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Chapter 3 The Colonies Come of Age
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Chapter 3.1 England and Its Colonies
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Explain the economic relationship between England and its American colonies. Describe how tensions arose between England and the colonies. Summarize how salutary neglect of the colonies after 1688 planted the seeds of self- government.
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Mercantilism The competition between nations for wealth and trade. Navigation Acts Parliament Laws Parliament made restricting colonial trade. Forced the colonies to trade only with England. http://www.hulu.com/watch/6590 0/the-taxman-cometh-the- navigation-act
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Tensions Emerge Merchants resented the restrictions and traded illegally. Massachusetts’ charter was revoked in 1684. Dominion of New England Sir Edmond Andros King James II made all the Northern colonies one, the Dominion of New England and appointed Sir Edmond Andros as the ruler.
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The Glorious Revolution In 1688 Parliament invited William of Orange to England to rule. Parliament then passed laws establishing power over the monarch. Massachusetts’ charter was restored in 1691.
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King Charles II (1660-1685) Angered by Mass. Refusal to obey English law, he revoked the colony’s charter in 1684 and brought Mass. Under royal control. James II (1685-1688) He consolidated the Northern colonies into the Dominion of New England in 1686 and enlisted Sir Edmund Andros to rule the region. William and Mary (1689-1702) Succeeded James II after the Glorious Revolution and helped establish the supremacy of Parliament. Parliament then restored the colonies’ charters.
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Salutary Neglect England relaxes its enforcement of the Navigation Acts in return for continued economic loyalty. Governors appointed by the king ruled each colony. The colonists paid their salaries and had great influence. Colonials began to enjoy self rule.
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Keeping the colonies under economic and political control Problem 1. In 1651: Navigation Acts 3. After 1688: Salutary Neglect 2. In 1686: Northern colonies consolidated into the Dominion of New England. Solution
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Chapter 3.2 The Agricultural South
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Trace the development of a plantation economy in the American South. Explain the way of life in the Southern colonies. Describe the slave trade and the role of slavery in the plantation economy. Describe life for colonial slaves.
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cash crop The main cash crop of the South was tobacco. Other crops were rice, and indigo. Plantations developed instead of towns because of the long, deep rivers that allowed access to ocean- going vessels.
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Life in the South There was a diverse population. A strong economy due to the tobacco crop. Women were 2 nd class citizens along with indentured servants. Women of the “planter class” had servants.
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Slavery Slaves Slaves were considered property of others. At first, the colonists used Native Americans as slaves. By 1690 there were 13,000 and by 1750 there were 200,000. triangular trade Africans became part of a triangular trade network.
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Middle Passage Voyages that brought Africans to the West Indies and North America. Considered the middle leg of the trade triangle. Most slaves worked in the fields. Stono Rebellion In 1739, 20 slaves revolted in the Stono Rebellion. Many died, others were executed.
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Slave Passage http://videos.howst uffworks.com/disc overy/30011- assignment- discovery-the- middle-passage- video.htmhttp://videos.howst uffworks.com/disc overy/30011- assignment- discovery-the- middle-passage- video.htm
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Chapter 3.3 The Commercial North
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Trace the development of a varied and thriving economy in the North. Explain the diverse society of the North and the tensions that led to witchcraft trials in Salem. Summarize the influence of the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening.
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Life in the North Main commerce was manufacturing, fishing, and ship building. Big cities were sprouting up. Immigrants came from all over Europe. Slavery did exist, but not near the level of the South.
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http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=XGj4Nxb1e84 http://www.salemwitchmuseu m.com/education/faq.shtml http://www.salemwitchmuseu m.com/education/worldbook/i ndex.shtml http://www.funtrivia.com/ trivia-quiz/World/Salem- Witch-Trials-70048.html
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Salem Witch Trials Is this something that could happen in the U.S. today? Why/Why not?
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Enlightenment New ideas based on science and reason. Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin embraced the notion of obtaining truth through experimentation and reasoning. Enlightenment ideas led many colonists to question the authority of the British Monarchy.
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The Great Awakening A spiritual revival that led many to leave their Puritan, Anglican church for Baptist and Methodist. http://www.youtube. com/watch?v=Zt57r Fcpnr4 http://www.youtube. com/watch?v=Zt57r Fcpnr4 Jonathan Edwards http://www.youtube. com/watch?v=u5C u17KVjy4&feature= related http://www.youtube. com/watch?v=u5C u17KVjy4&feature= related
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Great Awakening Is this the kind of preaching that we are used to today? Why do you think it was so successful at that time?
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Chapter 3.4 The French and Indian War
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Trace the development of the French-British colonial rivalry. Summarize the French and Indian War. Explain the war’s effects on the relationship between Britain and its colonies.
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French & Indian War Britain vs. France Fought between 1754 and 1763. War over land. Effects Britain Wins Proclamation of 1763 Taxes http://explorepahistory.com /story.php?storyId=1-9- 6&videoId=1-6-3
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Proclamation of 1763 Banned expansion west of the Appalachians. British did not want further conflicts with Indians.
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Due to the overwhelming cost of the War the British began to tax the Colonies. Sugar Act Halved the tax on foreign made molasses. Placed taxes on certain imports. Strengthened the enforcement of prosecutions for smuggling.
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