1. Treatments and Resets

2. PerformanceIndex CompositeIndex Triggers Treatments PerformanceModeling ExpressionsAndFilters Costs Resets Outputs GenerateStrategiesOptimize

3. Treatments l Any works which change one or more Performance Indices l dTIMS Categories –Rehabilitation –Periodic –Maintenance –Ancillary l NB- Performance Standards vs. Economic

4. Treatment Generic Types Resurfacing Large Chip Resurfacing Small Chip Resurfacing Strengthening Reconstruction AC Reconstruction ST Thick Asphalt Overlay Thick Granular Overlay Smoothing Thin Asphalt Overlay Thin Granular Overlay Rip and Replace ST Rip and Remake AC Mill and Replace AC

5. Coding of Treatments Example: S S R A - Subsequent- Strengthening-Reconstruction of Asphalt Pavement dTIMS Type F irst Subsequent Generic Type S trengthening S M oothing R esurfacingConstructionR econstruction O verlay M ill/rip and remake S eal Rec Y cleSurfacingA sphaltic concrete L arge chip seal S mall chip seal

6. Treatment Types Used

7. Asphalt Reconstruction Existing Pavement 100 AM 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE Actions: 1 Rework existing base and sub-base to 300 mm sub-base 2 Import new base 200mm thick 3 Construct new AC 100mm thick 100 AM NEW 200 BASE IMPORTED 300 SUB-BASE REWORKED New Pavement

8. Granular Reconstruction Existing Pavement SURFACE TREATMENT 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE Actions: 1 Rework existing base and sub-base to 300 mm sub-base 2 Import new base 150mm thick 3 Construct new Surface Treatment 150 BASE IMPORTED 300 SUB-BASE REWORKED New Pavement NEW SURFACE TREATMENT

9. Thick Asphalt Overlay Existing Pavement 100 AM 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE Actions: 1 Preparation: SAMI (Extensive Cracking) Chip Seal (Moderate Cracking) Only Crack-fill and Patching where needed 2 Asphalt Overlay 80 mm thick New Pavement 100 OLD AM 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE 80 NEW AM

10. Thick Granular Overlay Existing Pavement SURFACE TREATMENT 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE Actions: 1 Rip plus rework top 50mm 2 Import new base 150mm thick 3 Construct new Surface Treatment 150 BASE IMPORTED 300 OLD BASE PLUS SUB-BASE New Pavement NEW SURFACE TREATMENT

11. Thin Asphalt Overlay Existing Pavement 100 AM 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE Actions: 1 Preparation: SAMI (Extensive Cracking) Chip Seal (Moderate Cracking) Only Crack-fill and Patching where needed 2 Asphalt Overlay 35 mm thick New Pavement 100 OLD AM 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE 35 NEW AM

12. Thin Granular Overlay Existing Pavement SURFACE TREATMENT 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE Actions: 1 Rip and/or Remove existing Surface 2 Import new base 70 mm thick 3 Construct new Surface Treatment 75 BASE IMPORTED 300 OLD BASE PLUS SUB-BASE New Pavement NEW SURFACE TREATMENT

13. Rip and Remake Existing Pavement ST or AM 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE Actions: 1 Rework existing base 150 mm Thick 2 Construct new Surface Treatment or Thin Asphalt Mix New Pavement ST or AM 150 BASE REWORKED 150 SUB-BASE

14. Mill and Replace Existing Pavement 100 AM 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE Actions: 1 Mill off 75mm of Asphalt 2 Replace with 75mm new Asphalt Mix New Pavement 25 OLD AM 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE 75 NEW AM

15. Recycle Existing Pavement SURFACE TREATMENT 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE Actions: 1 Rework existing surface and base total 100 mm Thick 2 Construct new Surface Treatment New Pavement NEW SURFACE TREATMENT 100 BASE 150 SUB-BASE RECYCLE TOP 100

16. Resurfacing Existing Pavement SURFACE TREATMENT 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE Actions: 1 Preparations: Crack Fill and Patch where needed 2 Construct new Surface Treatment (Small or Large Chip) NEW SURFACE TREATMENT (Large or Small chip) New Pavement 150 BASE 150 SUB-BASE

17. Treatment Cost l Combination of action costs l Financial vs. Economic l Example: Recycle = Cost (rip + base rework + stabilisation + seal) Recycle = Cost (rip + base rework + stabilisation + seal)

18. Treatment Effect Independent Variable Strategy Do-nothing Index Jump Reset Different Slope Different Model

19. Treatment Resets l Influence on pavement: –Absolute –Function of previous value (expression) –Function of treatment type (expression) –Percentage of previous value –None

20. Treatment Resets cont. l Reset = F(Treatment type, Performance index, Other index) l See table