1. Dr. Yvonne Stedham Foundation Professor Professor of Management University of Nevada, Reno ystedham@unr.edu CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS IN HEALTHCARE Seeing Health: Adjust Your Lens Personal Perspective February 22 & 23, 2016 Maintaining Your Passion for the Work You Love: The Role of Mindfulness

2. Passion for Your Work

3. Work Activity involving mental/physical effort done in order to achieve a purpose or result.

4. Why do we work? To earn an income To be with others To do something meaningful To learn and develop To make a contribution

5. Health Care Professionals Ability and desire to help others Interesting and challenging work Ability to work closely with people Job security McCabe et al. (2005)

6. Losing Your Passion

7. How do you know? Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Motivation Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Rewards

8. Why You lose Your Passion- Challenges at Work What? Why? Consequences?

9. Challenges might prevent you from fulfilling the purpose of your work?!

10. What Challenges at Work? Overload Uncertainty Unclear Directions Lack of Support and Recognition Lack of Resources (including time) Need to Multi-task Tensions in Relationships (Patients, Co- workers)

11. Why Challenges at Work? Constantly Changing Environment PESTEL – Political, Economic, Social Technological, Environment (Physical), Legal Efficiency and Effectiveness Ethics Non-Work Life

12. The Work Context Culture and PESTEL Organization YOU

13. Consequences of Challenges

14. How you deal with the challenges affects Performance ◦ Effectiveness and Efficiency Quality of work life Quality of life Passion for your work Performance Quality of Work Life Quality of Life

15. Experiencing Challenges at Work Actual Abilities Perceived Abilities Actual Challenges Perceived Challenges

16. Experiencing Challenges >=>=

17. Consequences of Stress at Work Lack of Focus – Inability to focus Poor Decision-Making Poor Communication Fatigue Poor Management Poor Leadership Lack of Awareness Job Dissatisfaction and Burnout Loss of Passion

18. Optimal Level of Stress Distress and Eustress

20. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi – TED https://www.ted.com/talks/mihaly_csikszentmihalyi_on_flow?language=en

21. How to get to your flow state, optimal level of stress, and passion?

22. Passion for Your Work: The Role of Mindfulness

23. Mindfulness – What, Why, How?

24. So far, we know ….. Work and Work Challenges Perceptions and Stress Performance and Quality of Life - Passion

25. Work and Work Challenges Mindfulness Perceptions and Stress Performance and Quality of Life Passion Role of Mindfulness

26. What is Mindfulness? 26

27. What Is Mindfulness? Common-sense definition Moment to moment non-judgmental awareness. Bringing attention to moment-by-moment awareness. Self-regulation of attention

28. What Is Mindfulness? Functional definition When we are mindless, we are trapped in rigid mindsets, oblivious to context or perspective. When we are mindful we are actively drawing novel distinctions, rather than relying on distinctions drawn in the past.

29. Mind-less-ness Stimulus Response Mindlessness – knee-jerk, unexamined responses

30. Mind-full-ness Stimulus Response Mindfulness – in the increased space between stimulus and response lies freedom, creativity, humanity

31. First Taste Just do it (2 minutes!!!)

32. Exercising your mental muscle …

33. …. results in measurable changes in your brain.

34. Why Mindfulness? Benefits of Mindfulness 34

35. Amygdala

36. Neuroplasticity and MRI Based Studies Mindfulness Meditation is associated with changes in gray matter concentration in brain regions involved in learning and memory process, emotional regulation, self-referential processing and perspective taking. (Britta K. Hölzel et al. 2010)

37. Strengthening of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) …..

38. The Effects of Mindfulness Cardiac Disease Studies (‘70’s & ‘80’s) Depak Chopra – Harvard medical school developed the only therapy to reverse the effects of cardiac disease – in which meditation is an integral component Jon Kabat-Zinn (1990, 2009) Full Catastrophe Living - U. Mass. Medical School – Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Pain Clinic (circa 1986); Center for Mindfulness Clinical – Effects on Mental Health

39. Effects of Mindfulness – Workplace Increased Self Awareness Increased Social Awareness Presence – Less worrying about the future, Less ruminating about the past

40. Effects of Mindfulness - Workplace Listening skills increase – listening to understand rather than respond Improved communication Increased Self-awareness Emotional Intelligence Increased Social-awareness Emotional Intelligence Openness to new ideas and Creativity Decision-making Ethical Judgment

41. Attributes of the Mindful State 1. Acceptance 2. Beginner’s Mind 3. Trust 4. Patience 5. Non-judging 6. Non-striving 7. Letting-be (Holding Lightly)

42. Effect of Mindfulness on dealing with …. Overload Uncertainty Unclear Directions Lack of Support and Recognition Lack of Resources (including time) Need to Multi-task Tensions in Relationships (Patients, Co- workers

43. Maintaining Your Passion for the Work You Love: The Role of Mindfulness Mindfulness Beginner’s Mind Acceptance Patience Trust Non Judging Non striving Letting Be Listening skills Self awareness Social Awareness Respond vs React Stress Management Performance Quality of Work Life Passion for your Work

44. Mindfulness - How

45. Mindfulness Practices Mindfulness Practices are exercises to cultivate the gap between stimulus and response.

46. Mindfulness Practices Gym training Performance in Game Mindfulness Practice Exercising mindfulness in daily living - which is the ultimate goal Mindfulness is a way of living

47. How to become mindful …. UNR – MBSR (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction) Program ◦ Eight weeks, once a week, discount for UNR staff, faculty, and students ◦ equilibrium-mbsr http://equilibrium-mbsr.com/http://equilibrium-mbsr.com/ UNR – Student Success Center: Meditation Room UNR – MBA Program: Mindful Leadership

48. How to become mindful …. Reno - Midtown Mindfulness 527 Plumas ◦ 2 nd Wednesday 2 pm; 3 rd Wednesday 5 pm Online Meditations and Apps – The Change Collective, Dan Harris; 31 Day Mindfulness Summit Anderson Cooper – 60 Minutes Mental Hygiene - Twenty Minutes a Day Body Scan Breath Meditation Hatha Yoga

49. Mindfulness Meditation ◦ Focus attention on breath. Body sensations. Sounds. ◦ Wandering mind. ◦ Let thoughts gently go and bring attention back to the object of attention. ◦ This is the practice. ◦ The practice of a thousand beginnings.

50. Readings Daniel Goleman “Emotional Intelligence” Daniel Goleman “Focus – The hidden driver of excellence” Jon Kabat-Zinn “Full Catastrophe Living” Jon Kabat-Zinn “Wherever you go, there you are” Sharon Salzberg “Real Happiness at Work” Sharon Begley “Train your Mind, Change your Brain” Tan Meng “Search Inside Yourself” David Rock “Your Brain at Work” Time Magazine (January 23, 2014) “The Mindful revolution” Wisdom 2.0 Conference