1. TASK – Start a mind-map for wood types
-To identify different types of wood and their structure - To understand different types of defects in wood timber - To identify specific uses for different types of timber
TASK – Start a mind-map for wood types
Wood
Natural
Man-made wood
Softwood
(Evergreen)
Hardwood
(Deciduous)
Laminates
Others
Name 3
Name 3
Native to UK
Tropical
Name 3
Name 3
Name 3

2. -To identify different types of wood and their structure - To understand different types of defects in wood timber - To identify specific uses for different types of timber
Structure of wood
All woods are made up of cells and resin
This creates fibres (or grains) which grow along the length of the tree
The cells are called tracheids
The resin is called lignin
Wood to timber
A tree trunk can be sawn a number of ways to turn it into timber
The process of turning wood into timber is called conversion
There are two main ways: Slab sawn and Quarter sawn
The way it is sawn will enhance the grain and therefore strength of the timber
Seasoning
Seasoning is the controlled drying of timber
It can be naturally seasoned or kiln dried
Season will result in the timber having around 20% moisture
It increase strength and stability
It reduces the risk of rot
It reducing the risk of timber corroding or damaging other materials.
Slab sawn
Quarter sawn

3. -To identify different types of wood and their structure - To understand different types of defects in wood timber - To identify specific uses for different types of timber
Defects in timber
Because is it natural timber can have a number of defects
Knots – These are round defects in timber. They are located where branches would have come out of the trunk
Splits – This can occur when the wood is drying, or from a natural event like lightening
Shrinkage – This also occurs when wood is drying. It can result in the timber warping, bowing, twisting or cupping
Dry rot - This occurs when the wood is attacked by fungus which results in the wood becoming powdery
Wet rot – This occurs when the wood is wet or damp for too long resulting in it decomposing
Insect attack – Insects such as death watch beetles and worm wood attack the wood by laying eggs in the wood. The larvae from the woods will then eat the wood.

4. -To identify different types of wood and their structure - To understand different types of defects in wood timber - To identify specific uses for different types of timber
Veneers
Veneer is a term given to a thin layer of wood shaven from a tree trunk
Hardwoods are often used a veneers are they are decorative and expensive to have as solid wood
Veneer can be used in sheet form with man-made wood as it give the effect of a wood grain over a large surface
Laminate
Laminate is a composite material which can be used for flooring or work surfaces
Laminate is made up of lays of natural wood (for aesthetics), man-made wood (of cost and strength) and a polymer resin (for increase wear and tear)
It is used as flooring and kitchen worktops as a cheap and longer wearing alterative to solid wood

5. -To identify different types of wood and their structure - To understand different types of defects in wood timber - To identify specific uses for different types of timber
Plywood
Plywood is a laminate but has no polymer
It is made up of lays of wood which are glued together having the grain placed in alterative directions
This increase the structural strength of the wood
It stops it warping and twisting
It also allows plywood to come in large sheets rather than planks
Other composite woods
This are sheet wood which is made up of resin glue and wood
They increase the structural properties of the wood as well as making it cheaper
These include Hardboard, Block board, Chipboard, MDF (Medium Density Fibreboard)

6. Wood
Natural
Man-made wood
Softwood
(Evergreen)
Hardwood
(Deciduous)
Laminates
Others
Name 3
Name 3
Native to UK
Tropical
Name 3
Name 3
Name 3
For each type of wood
Give a description
Give an application
Give a reason for that application