2. Carbohydrates are the basic nutrients that supply the body with the energy needed to sustain normal activity.

3. Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the body Carbohydrates are a quick source of energy for the body.

4. As an energy source, one gram of carbohydrate equals four calories. Carbohydrates form substances that are essential to fighting infection, lubricating the joints and maintaining the health and growth of bones, skin, nails, cartilage and tendons.

5. There are 3 main types of Carbohydrates. Monosaccharides or simple sugars is one main type of carbohydrate. Mono, which means 1, has only 1 molecule of sugar. This makes it easy for the body to break down into energy.

6. There are 2 main types of monosaccharides. Glucose and Fructose Glucose is sweet and is found in honey, molasses, fruits, and vegetables. Fructose is found in fruits and berries.

7. The 2 nd type of carbohydrates are disaccharides or complex carbohydrates. “Di”, meaning two, is composed of 2 monosaccharides. This makes disaccharides harder to break down due to an extra step in the breaking down process. There are 3 main types of disaccharides Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose Sucrose- sugar Lactose- milk

8. Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates. The toughest for your body to break down. There are 2 main types of Polysaccharides Starch Fiber

18. Starch Makes up the majority of the complex carbohydrate group. Examples of starch foods are breads, flours, pasta, and potatoes. Starches are stored in muscles and liver. When the body needs a burst of energy, the starches you have stored are used right away.

19. Fiber Fiber is the portion of food derived from plant cell walls that is poorly digested by mammals. Fiber helps you feel fuller and makes it less likely to over eat. Example of foods include Avocado, Bran Cereal, Oats, peas and Raspberries.

20. You should be trying to get the majority of your carbohydrates from the complex carbohydrates (the polysaccharides) Complex carbohydrates should supply about half the calories in your diet Choose 100% whole wheat or 100% whole grain bread, cereal, and pasta products over refined flour products because they contain more fiber (Helps you feel full for a longer period of time).

21. In early stages of exercise, carbohydrates provide 40-50% of the energy required. As work intensity increases, carbohydrate utilization increases.

22. If the event you are participating in is less than 90 minutes, the glycogen stored in your muscles is enough. Extra carbohydrates taken in will not be used.

23. If the event you are participating in is more than 90 minutes, a high carbohydrate diet is needed to fill in the glycogen storage places. Long distance runners, cyclists, cross-country skiers, canoe racers, swimmers and soccer players all need the high carbohydrate diet before a day of competition.

24. 1. The students will be able distinguish between monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. 2. The students will be able to understand the role of carbohydrates in athletes. 3. The students will be able to define starch and fiber. 4. The students will be able to know how carbohydrates are used in the body. 5. The students will show appropriate behavior towards their classmates and teachers throughout the entire class period.