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Published bySheila Cox Modified over 8 years ago
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Announcements ES/BI 214: Coastal Ecology on Cape Cod – A field course, meets 4-5 times during the semester and goes to Cape Cod May 16-22. –Info Session 10/20, 6 –7 pm, MH124 Extra credit – Too Much Food: Of Geese, Pearly Pond and Franklin Pierce presented by Dr. Catherine Koning –6:30-7:30, Tonight in Pierce Hall
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Reading Questions for Thursday Plan ahead – don’t wait until Wednesday night Go to website http://earthday.net/footprint/http://earthday.net/footprint/ –You do not need to provide your email address –You may need to download Flash Player or go to a computer lab
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Industrial Societies Industrial Revolution – 200 yrs ago Death rate decreases –Technology: Medicine, sanitation, agriculture Birth rate decreases –High birth rate → low birth rate –Doesn’t occur immediately
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Industrial Societies continued Birth rates equal to or less than death rates, Close to zero population growth Approximately 13% of the world population (mostly European countries) is in this stage
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Demographic transition = Drop in death and birth rate as country becomes wealthier Why does the birth rate decline? Freedom + money = Pursue hobbies, activities, travel Education for women Lower infant/child mortality Invest more in fewer children –Kids are expensive
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Carrying Capacity The accepted estimate of the total # of humans the earth can support is 10 – 12 billion The # of people the earth can support depends on –Technology –Resource use –Earth’s productivity
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World Population Trends Is population growth slowing fast enough? Yes, logistic – level off near K No, Overshoot with crash and burn
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Demography Study of population trends based on growth, movement, development etc
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Global population growth rate is decreasing 1.2 Global 0.9 U.S.
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Fertility rates have declined worldwide in past 50 yrs
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Current trends suggest: (decline in fertility rates, demographic transition) Human pop growth logistic Will it be soon enough?
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Population pyramid – shows age distribution
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We live in 2 very different demographic worlds Developed Countries Developing Countries Developed regions Developing regions
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Most population growth will occur in which countries in the 21 st century? 1.Developed Countries 2.Developing Countries 3.Sophisticated Countries 4.Boreal Countries 5.All of the above
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Developed Countries Modern industry and technology Pop is rich, older and little to no growth rate Completed demographic transition N. American, Europe, Japan
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This graph indicates the population is 1.Stable 2.Increasing 3.Growing very rapidly
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Ex. Sweden Even age distribution stable population
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Developing Countries –Not fully industrialized –Pop is poor, young and growing rapidly –Africa, Latin America, Asia
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Ex. Age Distribution in Niger Rapid growth – large young pop (r = 3.9)
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Developing countries - pop is increasing the greatest –Some areas doubling pop in 18yrs Richer countries – pop steady or declining Developing regions Developed regions
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How do we achieve a stable population? The most significant factors: Investing in Family Planning Reducing poverty Elevating the status of women –Education
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