1. IIIIII Periodic Trends The Periodic Table

2. Periodic Law zWhen elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic #, elements with similar properties appear at regular intervals

3. zAtomic Radius ysize of atom © 1998 LOGAL zFirst Ionization Energy yEnergy required to remove one e - from a neutral atom. © 1998 LOGAL zMelting/Boiling Point Properties

4. zAtomic Radius D. Atomic Radius Li Ar Ne K Na

5. zAtomic Radius yIncreases to the LEFT and DOWN D. Atomic Radius

6. zWhy larger going down? yHigher energy levels have larger orbitals yShielding - core e - block the attraction between the nucleus and the valence e - zWhy smaller to the right? yIncreased nuclear charge without additional shielding pulls e - in tighter D. Atomic Radius

7. zFirst Ionization Energy E. Ionization Energy K Na Li Ar Ne He

8. zFirst Ionization Energy yIncreases UP and to the RIGHT E. Ionization Energy

9. zWhy opposite of atomic radius? yIn small atoms, e - are close to the nucleus where the attraction is stronger zWhy small jumps within each group? yStable e - configurations don’t want to lose e - E. Ionization Energy

10. zSuccessive Ionization Energies yMg1st I.E.736 kJ 2nd I.E.1,445 kJ Core e - 3rd I.E.7,730 kJ yLarge jump in I.E. occurs when a CORE e - is removed. E. Ionization Energy

11. yAl1st I.E.577 kJ 2nd I.E.1,815 kJ 3rd I.E.2,740 kJ Core e - 4th I.E.11,600 kJ zSuccessive Ionization Energies yLarge jump in I.E. occurs when a CORE e - is removed. E. Ionization Energy

12. zMelting/Boiling Point yHighest in the middle of a period. F. Melting/Boiling Point

13. zIonic Radius yCations (+) xlose e - xsmaller © 2002 Prentice-Hall, Inc. yAnions (–) xgain e - xlarger G. Ionic Radius

14. Electronegativity zElectronegativity refers to the ability of an atom to attract the electrons of another atom to it when those two atoms are associated through a bond. zElectronegativity is based on an atom's ionization energy and electron affinity

15. Electronegativity

16. zWhich atom has the larger radius? yBeorBa yCaorBr Ba Ca Examples

17. zWhich atom has the higher 1st I.E.? yNorBi yBaorNe N Ne Examples

18. zWhich atom has the higher melting/boiling point? yLiorC yCrorKr C Cr Examples

19. zWhich particle has the larger radius? ySorS 2- yAlorAl 3+ S 2- Al Examples

20. zWhich element is the most electronegative? yAr or Cl yK or Fe Cl Fe Examples