1. Sravanthi Parasa, MD, Udayakumar Navaneethan, MD, Arun Raghav Mahankali Sridhar, MD, MPH, Preethi G.K. Venkatesh, MD, Kevin Olden, MD Volume 77, No. 4 : 2013 GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY R3 변종규 /prof. 장재영

2. Peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) is one of the common medical emergencies and contributes to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide In the United States, PUB leads to more than 250,000 admissions annually and costs more than $2.5 billion per year in health care costs Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are especially at increased risk of bleeding complications Uremic platelet dysfunction, use of anticoagulant therapy, and the presence of comorbidities appear to contribute to this increased risk.

3. The outcome of ESRD patients with PUB has not been studied in a population-based study from the United States The aims of this study  Compare the in-hospital mortality for patients with PUB in ESRD and non- ESRD  Compare the length of hospital stay, need for surgical intervention, and total hospitalization charges for patients with PUB with and without ESRD

4. Data source  The data were obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), which is the largest all-payer inpatient care database in the US.  for the year 2008, 37 states and 994 hospitals, accounting for more than 8 million discharges  It has been maintained as a part of Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

5. Study groups  The inclusion criteria for our study were all discharges included in the 2008 NIS data  18 and 90 years old  a primary discharge diagnosis code, International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision [ICD-9-CM] indicative of PUB

10. ESRD

13. ESRD is associated with a significant health care burden in hospitalized patients with PUB The presence of ESRD contributes to a higher mortality rate, longer hospital stay, and increased need for surgery.