2. COLD WAR 1 1945-1962

3. What is the United Nations? An international organization to keep peace in the worldAn international organization to keep peace in the world

4. What were two results of the American occupation of Japan after World War II? Japan became a democracy.Japan became a democracy. Japan became an ally (friend) of the United States.Japan became an ally (friend) of the United States.

5. What was the Cold War? The war of words between the United States and the Soviet Union between 1945 and 1991The war of words between the United States and the Soviet Union between 1945 and 1991

6. What is communism? An economic system in which all property and means of production are owned by society as a whole (i.e., by the government in the name of the people)An economic system in which all property and means of production are owned by society as a whole (i.e., by the government in the name of the people)

7. What is socialism? An economic system in which the government owns and controls the means of production, like power plants, transportation, and communicationAn economic system in which the government owns and controls the means of production, like power plants, transportation, and communication

8. What were the fundamental values of the American-led western nations during the Cold War?

9. DemocracyDemocracy Individual freedomIndividual freedom Free market economic system based on private property and profitFree market economic system based on private property and profit

10. What were the fundamental values of the Soviet Union and its allies during the Cold War?

11. Totalitarian government or dictatorshipTotalitarian government or dictatorship CommunismCommunism Communist or socialist economic systemCommunist or socialist economic system

12. Where did the threat of a communist takeover cause President Truman to announce the Truman Doctrine? GreeceGreece TurkeyTurkey

13. What was the Truman Doctrine? United States would “support free peoples who [were] resisting attempted subjugation [control] by armed minorities or by outside pressures.”United States would “support free peoples who [were] resisting attempted subjugation [control] by armed minorities or by outside pressures.”

14. What President was responsible for the Marshall Plan? Harry TrumanHarry Truman

15. What was the Marshall Plan? U.S. economic aid program to European nations after World War IIU.S. economic aid program to European nations after World War II

16. What was the dual purpose of the Marshall Plan? Rebuild European economiesRebuild European economies Stop the spread of communismStop the spread of communism

17. What was containment? The American policy to limit communism to those areas where it already existedThe American policy to limit communism to those areas where it already existed

18. What was the non- communist part of Germany during the Cold War? West GermanyWest Germany

19. What was the communist part of Germany during the Cold War? East GermanyEast Germany

20. Who was Alger Hiss? A U.S. State Department official charged with giving secret documents to the SovietsA U.S. State Department official charged with giving secret documents to the Soviets Convicted of perjuryConvicted of perjury

21. Who were Julius and Ethel Rosenberg? A couple who gained information about the U.S. atomic projectA couple who gained information about the U.S. atomic project They were convicted of espionage and executedThey were convicted of espionage and executed

22. What is espionage? Spying

23. What federal agency coordinates the spy activities of the United States government? Central Intelligence Agency or CIACentral Intelligence Agency or CIA

24. What was NATO? A defensive military alliance of the U.S. and Western European countriesA defensive military alliance of the U.S. and Western European countries An attack on one would be considered an attack on allAn attack on one would be considered an attack on all

25. What was the Warsaw Pact? A defensive military alliance of the Soviet Union and other communist countries in Eastern EuropeA defensive military alliance of the Soviet Union and other communist countries in Eastern Europe An attack on one would be considered an attack on allAn attack on one would be considered an attack on all

26. Who was the Communist Chinese leader? Mao ZedongMao Zedong

27. Who was the anti- communist Chinese leader? Chiang Kai-shekChiang Kai-shek

28. What is Taiwan? Anti-communist nation founded on the island of Formosa when Chiang fled ChinaAnti-communist nation founded on the island of Formosa when Chiang fled China

29. Who was Senator Joseph McCarthy? A Republican senator who accused many American officials of being communistsA Republican senator who accused many American officials of being communists

30. What was McCarthyism? Unfairly accusing others of disloyalty, especially of being pro-communist, without solid evidenceUnfairly accusing others of disloyalty, especially of being pro-communist, without solid evidence

31. How has the term McCarthyism continued to be used? To refer to situations where someone makes false accusations based on rumor or guilt by associationTo refer to situations where someone makes false accusations based on rumor or guilt by association

32. What were the Army- McCarthy Hearings? Televised investigations of alleged communist influence in the United States ArmyTelevised investigations of alleged communist influence in the United States Army Revealed that Senator Joseph McCarthy had made many false chargesRevealed that Senator Joseph McCarthy had made many false charges

33. Why were the Army-McCarthy Hearings important?

34. Showed that Senator Joseph McCarthy was a liar and a bullyShowed that Senator Joseph McCarthy was a liar and a bully Ended Senator McCarthy’s power and influenceEnded Senator McCarthy’s power and influence

35. What event brought an end to Joseph McCarthy’s power and influence? The Army-McCarthy HearingsThe Army-McCarthy Hearings

36. Which is the communist Korea? North KoreaNorth Korea

37. Which is non-communist Korea? South KoreaSouth Korea

38. What was the Korean War? The 1950-1953 war caused when communist North Korea invaded anti- communist South KoreaThe 1950-1953 war caused when communist North Korea invaded anti- communist South Korea

39. Who was president when the Korean War began? Harry S. TrumanHarry S. Truman

40. Who was president when the Korean War ended? Dwight D. EisenhowerDwight D. Eisenhower

41. Which side did the United Nations take in the Korean War? South Korea’sSouth Korea’s

42. Which president was associated with massive retaliation? Dwight D. EisenhowerDwight D. Eisenhower

43. What was Massive Retaliation? President Eisenhower’s policy that the U.S. would use swift, all-out military actions against any nation that attacked the U.S. or an allyPresident Eisenhower’s policy that the U.S. would use swift, all-out military actions against any nation that attacked the U.S. or an ally

44. Who became the communist leader of Cuba? Fidel Castro

45. What was the Bay of Pigs? The CIA sponsored invasion of Cuba by Cuban exiles to overthrow Castro. It failed!The CIA sponsored invasion of Cuba by Cuban exiles to overthrow Castro. It failed!

46. Who was president during the Cuban Missile Crisis? John F. KennedyJohn F. Kennedy

47. What was the Cuban Missile Crisis? Soviets placed nuclear missiles in CubaSoviets placed nuclear missiles in Cuba U.S. blockaded CubaU.S. blockaded Cuba Soviets removed the missilesSoviets removed the missiles

48. Who was the Soviet leader during the Cuban Missile Crisis? Nikita KhrushchevNikita Khrushchev