1. 3/2-3 ECONOMIC SYSTEMS HOUSEKEEPING: New Grading SystemHOUSEKEEPING: New Grading System PPT:PPT: Economic Systems – Overview / No Notes GROUP WORK:GROUP WORK: Economic System Match-Up WORKTIME: Maps of Eurasia – DUE NEXT CLASS!

2. OBJECTIVES Be able to tell the difference between the 4 economic systems (traditional, free enterprise, socialism, & communism) (10a) Be able to identify key physical geography locations in Eurasia (3b)

3. LENINGRAD SYSYTEM: EQUALITY in GRADING Unit 7: Sub-Saharan Africa Test 1st =1st = (Low = 37%High = 96% Average =69.7%) 2 nd =2 nd = (Low = 72%High = 100%Average =86.7%) 4 th =4 th = (Low = 44% High = 96% Average =73.8%) 5 th =5 th = (Low = 42%High = 96%Average=74.7%) 6 th =6 th = (Low = 60%High = 100%Average 87.4%) 7 th =7 th = (Low = 34% High = 100% Average =73.8%) 8th=8th= (Low = 65%High = 100%Average =86.7%) _______________________________________________________ PreAP Average = 87.05% CORE Average = 72.73% Overall WG Average = 78.45% SOVIET STYLE EQUALITY

4. What do you mean by Economy? MAKING/ EXCHANGING GOODS & SERVICES... MONEY, BUSINESS & TRADEMAKING/ EXCHANGING GOODS & SERVICES... MONEY, BUSINESS & TRADE! ! !

5. TRADITIONAL ECONOMY Oldest economic system only make enough for themselves - SubsistencePeople only make enough for themselves - Subsistence Money is NOT used, “bartering”Money is NOT used, only trading “bartering” Today, most common in Less Developed Countries & Indigenous Tribes

6. FREE ENTERPRISE FREE ENTERPRISE (aka Capitalism) An economic system in which production of goods and services is determined by the DEMAND from CONSUMERS

7. FREE ENTERPRISE Production of GOODS & SERVICES is done to make a PROFIT -Decisions made by consumer demand (SUPPLY & DEMAND) - Little government involvement (like in USA)

8. SOCIALIST ECONOMY (AKA Mixed Economy) GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP of key parts of the economy (large industries, like energy, transportation, communications or manufacturing) partially or completely are also a major part of the economy PRIVATE BUSINESSES are also a major part of the economy involved DEMOCRATIC Although the government is involved in the economy, the government is generally DEMOCRATIC

9. SOCIALIST ECONOMY People pay HIGH TAXES, but get many government benefitsPeople pay HIGH TAXES, but get many government benefits (childcare, college, healthcare, nursing home, etc.) NANNY STATESometimes called a NANNY STATE because the government takes care of most basic needs SWEDEN, FRANCE & RUSSIAN FEDERATIONExamples include many European countries, like SWEDEN, FRANCE & RUSSIAN FEDERATION

10. COMMUNIST COMMUNIST ECONOMY (aka Centrally Command Economy) The CENTRAL GOVERNMENT makes ALL decisions about PRODUCTION of goods & services and SETS PRICES The GOVERNMENT also OWNS the MEANS of PRODUCTION (factories & farms) – there is NO PRIVATE OWNERSHIP

11. COMMUNIST ECONOMY ChoicesFEW Choices, MANY shortages NOT based on consumer demand

12. GROUP WORK Match-Up the statements with the Economic System it goes with Use the reading to help you GET YOUR ANSWERS CHECKED! ! ! Write your answers on the pink table – part of your Unit 8 Test Review

13. 5 th Period Groups Flor, Marco, Luis Monica, Dania, Joe Drake, Elvis, Lucy Thomas, Karla, Uriel Matthew, Savannah, Orlando Alicia, Mary-Eleanor, Marie Vance, Diamond, Roberto,

14. 4 th Period Groups Samuel, Katy Frankie, Zion Berenice, Sophie Hayden, Alex John, Justin Cece, Rosa J Mary Ashley, Zaria Enrique, AJ Makenna, Noah Isaiah, Mark EJ, Chloe Skylar, Kaitlyn Beckett, Ben Ricky, Rosa V.

15. 7 th Period Groups Marissa, Alex E., Roberto O. Rajah, Osvaldo, Diego Blake C., Yony, Mary Hunter, Bruce, Bethanie, Jordan E., Tyler H., Alexis Joey, Jordan H., Josue Julio, Alan, Tiedra Trinidad, Stephanie, Isac Blake G., Tyler L., Carlos

16. GROUP WORK Traditional Free Enterprise Socialist Communist Get it CHECKED BEFORE writing answers on your pink sheet!

17. 8.1 PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY of RUSSIA and the REPUBLICS

18. EUROPE ASIA *1) Russia is in 2 CONTINENTS; EUROPE & ASIA, separated by the URAL & CAUCASUS Mountains – so most of Russia is in ASIA

19. *2) RUSSIA is the LARGEST country on Earth

20. ARCTIC & PACIFIC Pacific Ocean 3) Russia borders 2 oceans: Bering Strait

21. TAIGA FORESTS

22. DESERTS Kyzyl Kum & Kaya Kum Due to rain shadow from Pamir & Tian Shan Mountains

23. Home to 120 volcanoes, 20 still active Kola & Kamchatka Peninsulas

24. Russian Tundra 4) A large area of Russia is TUNDRA: harshly COLD in the winter with short cool summers because their location is so far NORTH they never get direct SUNLIGHT.

25. SUBTROPICAL SOCHI, RUSSIA Sochi *5) A few regions in Russia are even SUBTROPICAL – meaning fairly WARM throughout the year. Sochi, Russia is where the Winter OLYMPICS was in Feb. 2014

26. ARCTIC CIRCLE Yellow = Russia *6) Russia has more land within the ARCTIC CIRCLE (66°N to 90°N) than any other country

27. *7) Because the SEA ICE in the Arctic Circle is MELTING at a rapid rate, a lot of WILDLIFE are losing their habitat, but it is making SHIPPING easier with a new NORTHERN sea lane.

28. *8) Less SEA ICE in the Arctic Circle also means greater access for OIL EXPLORATION – causing Artic countries to attempt to CLAIM more TERRITORY in what was once thought to be a frozen wasteland.

29. 9) The SIBERIAN PLAIN is the largest plain on earth. It has an ARID climate, so it’s a GRASSLAND with few trees, which makes it a STEPPE.

30. * 10) Because the EUROPEAN PLAIN is so FERTILE, and Siberia has such a HARSH climate, 75% the POPULATION live in WESTERN Russia

31. *11) The VOLGA River is the LONGEST in Europe. It carries 60% of Russia’s river traffic, and is very POLLUTED (industrial waste)

32. *12) Siberia has a ARCTIC & SUBARCTIC climate (Cold Winters!!). CRIMINALS used to be sent to work camps (called gulags) there as PUNISHMENT. It Holds vast TIAGA FORESTS that are harvested for LUMBER

33. *13) ENERGY RESOURCES Natural GAS (#1), OIL (#2) & coal in SIBERIA & CASPIAN SEA - problem: it’s hard to get to & has little INFRASTRUCTURE - climate is so cold that it causes steel to crack - few willing workers to go there Powerful RIVERS = Hydroelectric POWER

34. *14) Lake BAIKAL is the DEEPEST lake in world (1 mile) -contains 20% of world’s UNFROZEN FRESH water-1200 unique plant/animal species, including fresh water seal Although it was once pure, it is now heavily POLLUTED - during COMMUNISM, the lake became a dumping grounds for industrial waste.

35. LAKE CHAGAN - -created with an atomic bomb

36. CASPIAN & ARAL SEAS Actually salt water lakesActually salt water lakes The Caspian Sea is largest inland sea on earthThe Caspian Sea is largest inland sea on earth

37. Soviet Destruction of the Aral Sea

38. For centuries the land-locked Aral Sea provided a tremendous fishing industry for the people of Kazakhstan & Uzbekistan.

39. The Soviet officials in Moscow decided that Uzbekistan should grow as much cotton as the American South. By putting that in their 5 Year Plan that meant that Uzbekistan was commanded to do so.

40. In order to grow cotton on such a vast scale, the Soviet government made the decision to dam up the rivers that flowed into the Aral Sea in order to have fresh water for irrigation of the cotton crop.

41. Damming the rivers caused... Less water going into the Aral Sea increased the Aral Sea’s salinity (amount of salt dissolved in the water) The higher salinity level of salinity in the water killed the fish that once thrived in the Aral Sea. No fish basically destroyed the fishing industry. Some fishermen became cotton farmers, but knew nothing about farming. So, the cotton industry was a failure. The Aral Sea has nearly completely dried up turned the entire area into a salty desert wasteland. Thus the Uzbekistan region lost both its agriculture and its fishing industry.

42. Today once-proud fishing vessels sit in the middle of a crusted, salty desert, grim reminders of the careless attitude of the Soviet Union, the greatest enemy of the environment in the history of the world. That’s how COMMUNISM works!

44. *15) ARAL SEA Has shrunk 80% since 1960s - COMMUNIST officials DAMMED the rivers that fed into it in order to IRRIGATE COTTON fields

47. A 2005 report attributed 56 direct deaths (47 accident workers & 9 children with thyroid cancer), and estimated that there may be 4,000 extra cancer deaths among the approximately 820,000 most highly exposed people. Many animals and children in the area have been born with serious mutations.

48. 400 times more fallout (radiation) was released than had been by the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan *16) CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR Disaster in Chernobyl, Ukraine 1986 – COMMUNIST leaders tried to cover it up which caused thousands to suffer RADIATION poisoning - even today the surrounding area is still too contaminated for people to live.

49. 17) The CRIMEAN PENINSULA has been fought over many times in history because it improves Russia’s access to WARM WATER PORTS

51. I. TRADITIONAL 1.Often found in INDIGENOUS CULTURES, but are rarely involved in large-scale industrial or agricultural production 2.Found in LESS DEVELOPED regions, such as parts of Afghanistan in SW Asia & Mali in Sub-Saharan Africa 3. The main goal of this economic system is SURVIVAL 4. TRADITION is promoted rather than scientific and technological development 5. People survive mostly on what they produce themselves - A bad harvest may cause intense famine since people have little surplus (SUBSISTENCE) 6. Goods and services are traded without exchanging money also known as a “BARTER SYSTEM” 7. Almost always paired with TRIBAL GOVERNMENTS, that can’t offer much support or infrastructure to help their businesses

52. II. FREE ENTERPRISE 1. SUPPLY AND DEMAND sets the prices for goods and services 2. Privately owned businesses exist to make a PROFIT 3. UNITED STATES & SINGAPORE are examples 4. COMPETITION between businesses encourages more innovation & lower prices 5. Government stays out of the way of business decisions, but builds infrastructure. 6. Production of goods and services determined by DEMAND from consumers 7. Also known as “CAPITALISM” -or- “FREE MARKET” 8. This system embraces international free trade (example: NAFTA) 9. Usually paired with DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT SYSTEMS

53. III. SOCIALIST 1. The goal of this system is to REDUCE POVERTY, so although there are few poor folks, there are also few wealthy people 2. People are willing to pay HIGH TAXES, in order to have a safety net with many government benefits (healthcare, college, childcare, old-age home etc.) 3. GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP of part or all of key industries (energy/ manufacturing/ etc) 4. The RUSSIAN FEDERATION is an example of this type of economy 5. Although government is highly involved with the economy, it may paired with a DEMOCRATIC political system (like in Sweden & France) 6. Combines elements of more than one economic system – so it’s often called a “MIXED ECONOMY” 7. Sometimes given the nickname “NANNY STATE” for interfering with individual choice in order to promote healthier living

54. IV. COMMUNISM 1. This economic system is an attempt to make people completely “EQUAL” by using the government to eliminate greed 2. Production does not reflect consumer demand - FEW CHOICES available to consumers. 3. CUBA & NORTH KOREA are examples (as well as the Soviet Union from 1921- 1991) 4. Based on the philosophy of KARL MARX, who wanted workers to start revolutions to take over factories and farms. 5. Associated with UNMOTIVATED WORKERS & LOW QUALITY PRODUCTS 6. PRIVATE PROPERTY is ILLEGAL - Government owns all of the means of production (factories & farms) 7. Also known as a “PLANNED ECONOMY” –or- “COMMAND ECONOMY” 8. The CENTRAL GOVERNMENT MAKES ALL DECISIONS about production of goods and services, as well as their distribution and prices. 9. Often has LARGE SCALE SHORTAGES or overproduction due to government Miscalculations; there’s hardly any flexibility to adjust production plans 10. Always paired with a TOTALITARIAN GOVERNMENT SYSTEM

56. United States Why the Soviet Union Died but the United States Hasn’t How Democracy & Free Enterprise Economy Triumphed Over Dictatorship & Communist Economy

57. FREE ENTERPRISE MANY EXPORTS & IMPORTS STRONG WORK ETHIC COMPETITION PRIVATE OWNERSHIP SUPPLY & DEMAND

58. COMMUNISM FEWIMPORTS/EXPORTS LOWWORKERACCOUNTABILITY NOCOMPETTITION CENTRALLYPLANNED GOVERNMENTOWNED