1. Part A Multimedia Production
Information and Communication Technology
“Multimedia Production and Web Site Development”
Part A Multimedia Production
Chapter 2 Multimedia Basics
- 2.3 Multimedia File Types

2. Learning Objectives
Multimedia file types

3. Learning Outcomes
Know the different multimedia file types.

4. Teaching Materials

5. Table of Contents File Types of Text Element
File Types of Graphics Element
File Types of Sound Element
File Types of Animation Element
File Types of Video Element

6. 1. File Types of Text Element

7. 1. File types of text element
There are several types of text file. For example:
txt
doc
rtf
pdf
txt is called text file or plain text file
Contain only ordinary textual characters
No formatting

8. 1. File types of text element
doc is an abbreviation of document
Word processing document
Used in WordPerfect (1980s)
Used in Microsoft Word (1990s – Now)
Contain more text formatting such as font styles, font type, alignment, paragraphs

9. 1. File types of text element
rtf stands for Rich Text Format
Alternative format to doc
ASCII text files
Contain formatting commands
Do not contain macros
Good for

10. 1. File types of text element
pdf stands for Portable Document Format
Cross-platform document
Including fonts and images
What is on screen and what will be printed
Highly compressed

11. 1. File types of text element
Compare the file size of doc, rtf and pdf file types
All of the file contain “Information and Communication Technology 'Multimedia Production and Web Site Development’” sentence
File Types
File Sizes
doc
23.5 KB
rtf
5.13 KB
pdf
5.44 KB

12. 1. File types of text element
Uses of text files types under different situations
Text Files Types
Situations
txt
Linux, Unix environment
doc
Documentations
rtf s
pdf
Forms, Notices

13. 2. File Types of Graphics Element

14. 2. File types of graphics element
Raster graphic / bitmaps:
bmp
gif
jpg
png
Vector graphic:
svg

15. 2. File types of graphics element
bmp stands for bitmap
Use table of dots (pixels) to represent an image
Easy to create
Supported by all browser
More realistic
Large file size
Clarity will be lost when you reduce the size

16. 2. File types of graphics element
gif stands for graphics interchange format
8-bit-per-pixel bitmap image format
Include data compression
Limited to 256 colors
Can support animations

17. 2. File types of graphics element
jpeg stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group
Compressed image
Independent of image size
Independent of color representation, support RGB, YUV … etc
Can be a full-color and gray-scale image
Work well on photographs, naturalistic artwork
Support both sequential encoding (line-by-line) and progressive encoding

18. 2. File types of graphics element
png stands for Portable Network Graphics
Better compression than gif (about 2/3 file size of gif)
24 bit pictures
Open, extensible image
Lossless compression
For replacing gif
Variable transparency

19. 2. File types of graphics element
Vector graphic:
svg stands for Scable Vector Graphics
XML Graphics for the Web
2-dimensional graphics
Use in printing, portable devices with full quality

20. 2. File types of graphics element
What is the differences between vector and raster graphics?
Vector graphics
Raster graphics
Define lines and shapes
Use mathematical formulas.
Made up of pixel
Enlarge graphics
No influence
Graphics is blurred
Advantages
Make and edit much more detailed images.
Require less storage than bitmaps .
Scale and rotate them with very little loss of detail .

21. 2. File types of graphics element
Uses of graphic files types under different situations
Graphic Files Types
Situations
bmp
Any kinds of images
gif
Cartoon, simple graphics
jpg
Good for photos
png
Same as gif and good for uploading to webpages
svg
Graphic editing

22. 3. File Types of Sound Element

23. 3. File types of sound element
There are several types of sound file. For example:
midi
wav
mp3
aiff ra

24. 3. File types of sound element
MIDI stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface
First introduced in 1983
A set of instructions on how to play an instrument
A protocol that enables computer, keyboards and other musical device to communicate with each other

25. 3. File types of sound element
wav stands for Wave form
Uncompressed Microsoft Windows audio format
File size is very big
Use lossless format
Keep all the samples of an audio track
Maximum audio quality
A 4-minute song takes up about 40M bytes of space

26. 3. File types of sound element
What is the major differences between midi and wav sound files?
WAV
MIDI
Stored information
Wave forms
Information on instruments, notes, tempo, etc.
Sound quality affected No
Yes
File size
Big
Small

27. 3. File types of sound element
mp3 stands for MPEG 1 Layer 3
1/10 the size of uncompressed audio files
Standard bit rates is 128 kbit/s
Can be broken up into pieces and each piece is still playable
Can be streamed across Internet
A 4-minute song only takes up about 4M bytes

28. 3. File types of sound element
aiff stands for Audio Interchange File Format
Uncompressed audio file format
Created by MacOS
Using lossless storage method
Large file size same as WAV

29. 3. File types of sound element
ra stands for RealAudio file
Developed by RealNetworks
Use variety of audio codecs
Low-bitrate format
Can be used as streaming audio format across Internet

30. 3. File types of sound element
Uses of sound files types under different situations
Sound Files Types
Situations
midi
Musical instruments
wav
Store original sound tracks
mp3
Store in portable sound players such as (mp3/4 players, mobile phones)
aiff
MAC OS ra
Sound streaming on Internet

31. 4. File Types of Animation Element

32. 4. File types of animation element
File type of simple animation:
gif
File types of flexible animations:
swf
flv

33. 4. File types of animation element
gif can be used in animation
Use flip-book animation mechanisms
No special browser plug-in is needed
Each new frame is a new image that replaces the previous one
An illusion of motion is created when the sequence of images are displayed very quickly

34. 4. File types of animation element
swf stands for Shockwave Flash
Proprietary
Vector graphics
Produced by Flash software from Adobe
Small file size
Easy for publish on the Internet

35. 4. File types of animation element
flv stands for Flash Video
Proprietary
Deliver video
Using Flash player
Embedded with swf files
Cross platform
Can be used as streaming through Internet

36. 4. File types of animation element
Uses of animation files types under different situations
Animation Files Types
Situations
gif
Simple animations
swf
Good for publish on Internet
flv
For streaming purpose

37. 5. File Types of Video Element

38. 5. File types of video element
There are several types of video file format. For example:
mpeg
avi rm
mov
wmv
They have their own characteristics

39. 5. File types of video element
mpg is a shortened version of MPEG
Full name of MPEG is Moving Picture Experts Group
There are several standards of MPEG (We have discussed in Ch 2.2)
Was established in January 1988
Develop standards for coded representation of moving pictures, audio and their combination

40. 5. File types of video element
avi stands for Audio Video Interleave
Video file that play on Microsoft Windows systems.
Is a Resource Interchange File Format
Divides a file’s data into blocks or chunks
Can be stored as a video stream
Large file size

41. 5. File types of video element
rm stands for RealMedia
A streaming media technology for internet from RealNetworks
Use (RTSP) Realtime Streaming Protocol
Allows multiple streams to be synchronized simultaneously
These streams are in CBR (constant bit rate)
Use RealPlayer to play

42. 5. File types of video element
mov is QuickTime multimedia file
It is a movie/video/multimedia format developed by Apple.
Use QuickTime Player to play

43. 5. File types of video element
wmv stands for Windws Media Video
Developed and controlled by Microsoft
Highly compressed
Small file size
High quality video
Easy to publish on the Internet
Use Windows Media Player to play

44. 5. File types of video element
Uses of video files types under different situations
Video Files Types
Situations
mpg
Good for editing
avi
For storing the original videos rm
For fast video streaming
mov
MAC OS for editing, publishing and streaming
wmv
For quality video streaming

45. References

46. References Text Plain text file: doc file: rtf file: pdf file:
doc file:
rtf file:
pdf file:

47. References Graphics bmp gif jpg png
gif
jpg
png

48. References Graphics svg http://www.adobe.com/svg/overview/svg.html

49. References Sound wav mp3 aiff ra
mp3
aiff ra

50. References Animation swf flv http://www.answers.com/topic/swf-5
flv

51. References Video mpg avi rm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG
avi rm

52. References Video mov wmv
wmv